Comparative Overview of Water Splitting and Biological Techniques of Hydrogen Production
水素製造のための水分解と生物学的手法の比較概観 (AI 翻訳)
B. Abdullahi, Ndey Ann, Aurelia Ayamdor, M. Ibrahim
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
本レビューは、水素製造における水分解技術（アルカリ水電解、PEM、AEM、SOEC、光触媒、光電気化学）と生物学的手法（生物光分解、発酵、ガス化、熱分解）を比較。電気分解法は大規模生産に最も有望で、再生可能エネルギーとの組み合わせが鍵。生物学的な方法は廃棄物由来の水素製造に適するが、技術的成熟度が低い。今後の低コスト化と安定性向上が重要。
English
This review compares water-splitting (alkaline, PEM, AEM, SOEC, photocatalytic, PEC) and biological (biophotolysis, fermentation, gasification, pyrolysis) hydrogen production methods. Electrolytic routes are most viable for large-scale green hydrogen when powered by renewables, while biological methods offer waste-to-energy potential but face low rates and instability. Future advances require cost reduction, catalyst substitution, and bioreactor optimization.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
日本は水素社会実現を掲げ、福島やオーストラリアでの大規模水素プロジェクトを推進中。本レビューは各製造技術の実用性と課題を整理しており、日本の水素戦略や研究開発の優先順位付けに資する。SSBJやGX基本方針とも連動し、企業の技術選択や投資判断の参考になる。
In the global GX context
Global hydrogen scale-up is central to decarbonization in hard-to-abate sectors. This review provides a structured comparison of production pathways, informing technology investors, utilities, and policymakers on cost, readiness, and integration with renewables. It complements frameworks like IRENA's hydrogen reports and the IEA's net-zero scenarios.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:Comprehensive overview of hydrogen production technologies, useful for identifying research gaps and comparing efficiencies.
🏢実務担当者:Helps evaluate which hydrogen production method to invest in based on maturity, cost, and scalability.
🏛政策担当者:Informs R&D funding priorities and regulatory support for electrolytic and biological pathways.
📄 Abstract（原文）
Hydrogen is widely regarded as a cornerstone of the global transition toward low-carbon and sustainable energy systems. However, the environmental benefits of hydrogen depend strongly on the production pathway employed. This review presents a comparative analysis of water-splitting technologies and biological methods for green hydrogen production, highlighting their operating principles, efficiencies, costs, technological readiness, and prospects. Water splitting approaches include electrolytic methods alkaline water electrolysis (AWE), proton exchange membrane (PEM), anion exchange membrane (AEM), and solid oxide electrolysis (SOEC) as well as photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical (PEC) systems. Among these, AWE and PEM are technologically mature and commercially deployed, offering high hydrogen purity and system reliability, while SOEC demonstrates superior thermodynamic efficiency at elevated temperatures. Photocatalytic and PEC techniques provide direct solar-to-hydrogen conversion but remain limited by low efficiencies, charge recombination, and material instability. Biological hydrogen production routes like biophotolysis, fermentation, gasification, and pyrolysis utilize biomass and organic waste as feedstocks, supporting circular economy principles. Gasification and pyrolysis exhibit relatively high hydrogen yields and industrial potential but require high temperatures and extensive gas cleaning. In contrast, biophotolysis and fermentation operate under mild conditions and are environmentally benign but are constrained by low production rates, oxygen sensitivity, and process instability. A critical comparison indicates that electrolytic water splitting currently offers the most viable pathway for large-scale, high-purity hydrogen production when powered by renewable electricity, whereas biological methods present attractive waste-to-energy solutions with lower technological readiness in some cases. Future development should focus on reducing capital costs, replacing precious metal catalysts, improving membrane durability, enhancing photocatalyst stability, and optimizing bioreactor performance. Integrating these advances with renewable energy systems will be essential for achieving scalable, cost-effective, and truly sustainable hydrogen production.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- semanticscholar https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijsge.20261501.15first seen 2026-05-15 20:45:57
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