Characterizing Urban Road CO2 Emissions: A Study Based on GPS Data from Heavy-Duty Diesel Trucks

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

🔬研究者:Provides a scalable method for high-resolution emission inventories using GPS trajectory data and an improved spatial allocation technique.

🏢実務担当者:City planners and freight companies can apply the dual-density allocation method to identify emission hotspots and optimize routing or policy interventions.

🏛政策担当者:Demonstrates that vehicle restriction policies can cause unintended temporal shifts in emissions, urging careful policy design beyond simple timing constraints.

Accurately quantifying carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from heavy-duty diesel trucks (HDTs) is crucial for developing effective transportation emission reduction strategies. In this study, we adopted a bottom–up approach and, in conjunction with the “International Vehicle Emissions” (IVE) model, constructed a high-resolution 1 × 1 km CO2 emission inventory for the urban area of Kunming, China. Using data from 1.24 million track points collected from 5996 heavy-duty diesel trucks, we implemented a map matching algorithm based on a simplified hidden Markov model (HMM) to efficiently process large-scale GPS data. Furthermore, we improved upon traditional spatial allocation methods by dynamically integrating track point density with static road network density. The results indicate that although higher driving speeds correspond to lower CO2 emission rates, heavy-duty diesel trucks typically operate within an observed speed range of 40–60 km/h, with an average emission factor of approximately 500 g/km. Vehicles compliant with the “National III” emission standards remain the primary source of CO2 emissions in this region. Correlation analysis reveals a significant positive relationship (p < 0.01) between emissions from heavy-duty diesel trucks and both traffic volume and mileage. Notably, daytime vehicle restriction policies led to a temporal redistribution of emissions rather than a net reduction in emissions; this resulted in increased activity levels of heavy-duty diesel trucks at night, leading to a surge in nighttime emissions. In terms of spatial distribution, the “dual-density” allocation method proposed in this study more accurately captured emission hotspots, revealing that CO2 emissions are primarily concentrated in the southeastern part of the city—a distribution pattern largely influenced by the city’s industrial layout.

• semanticscholar https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos17040387first seen 2026-05-06 00:13:26