A comparative techno-economic and life cycle assessment of energy-from-waste technology integrated with carbon capture and storage
廃棄物発電技術に炭素回収・貯留を統合した比較技術経済・ライフサイクル評価 (AI 翻訳)
Janna Aljoubory, Eleni Iacovidou, Kok Siew Ng
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
本研究は、廃棄物発電（EfW）にCCSを統合したシステムを技術経済的およびライフサイクルアセスメントで包括的に評価した。250 ktpa規模、80%回収率のEfW+CCSシステムは、エネルギー損失35%、CAPEX・OPEX各30%増加となるが、地球温暖化係数は33%削減。現在の炭素価格£49.4/t CO2ではCCS導入のインセンティブ不十分で、£178/t CO2の補助金が必要と推定。
English
This study provides a comprehensive techno-economic and life cycle assessment of integrating carbon capture and storage (CCS) into energy-from-waste (EfW) systems. For a 250 ktpa plant with 80% CO2 capture rate, the system incurs a 35% energy penalty and increases CAPEX and OPEX by 30%, but reduces global warming potential by 33%. The levelised cost of electricity reaches £163/MWh with an extended payback period of 8.3 years. The current UK carbon price of £49.4/t CO2 is insufficient; a subsidy of £178/t CO2 is required to incentivise CCS.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
英国を対象とした研究だが、日本でも廃棄物発電は主要な電源の一つであり、CCS統合はカーボンネガティブ実現の有望手段。日本の炭素価格や補助金政策と比較することで、国内の廃棄物処理・発電事業者に示唆を与える。
In the global GX context
This UK-focused study is relevant globally as EfW+CCS is a key negative emissions technology. It provides concrete cost and performance data that can inform CCS deployment policies, carbon pricing mechanisms, and investment decisions in other jurisdictions, including Japan where EfW is widely used.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:Provides detailed techno-economic and LCA data on EfW+CCS, useful for modeling and policy analysis.
🏢実務担当者:Offers cost and performance benchmarks for EfW plant operators considering CCS integration.
🏛政策担当者:Highlights the carbon price gap and required subsidy level for CCS, informing carbon pricing and incentive design.
📄 Abstract（原文）
Rising urbanisation and global population growth are projected to nearly double municipal solid waste (MSW) generation by 2050. Energy-from-waste (EfW) technologies recover energy from mixed waste streams, generating electricity and heat. However, for every tonne of MSW incinerated, 0.7–1.7 tonnes of CO 2 is emitted. Integrating carbon capture and storage (CCS) into EfW (EfW + CCS) presents a promising pathway to mitigate these emissions yet remains constrained by high costs and decreased energy efficiency. This study presents a comprehensive assessment of EfW + CCS, using a combined techno-economic and life cycle assessments approach. A thermodynamic steady-state model was developed in Aspen Plus to evaluate mass and energy balances for both standalone EfW and EfW + CCS. Results show that an EfW + CCS system with 250 ktpa capacity and 80% capture rate incurs a 35% energy penalty and increases capital (CAPEX) and operating expenditure (OPEX) both by 30%. Additionally, the system results in a positive net present value, 2.7% return on investment and a levelised cost of electricity of £163/MWh, but extended payback period from 4.5 to 8.3 years compared to standalone EfW. The life cycle assessment results showed a 33% reduction in global warming potential (GWP), though monoethanolamine production and carbon capture infrastructure increased other impacts. This study suggests that the current carbon price of £49.4/t CO 2 is insufficient to incentivise CCS deployment, with a required subsidy estimated at £178/t CO 2 captured. Furthermore, ammonia use for NO x removal strongly influenced GWP and OPEX, with 60% NO x removal resulting in a reduction of 41% in GWP and increasing OPEX by 19% compared to standalone EfW.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- openalex https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2026.148920first seen 2026-07-13 05:57:32
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