Alcohol-Based Energy Carriers in Transportation: Status, Standards, and Outlook
輸送におけるアルコール系エネルギーキャリア：現状、基準、将来展望 (AI 翻訳)
Patrick Fitz, Felix Fellner, Raphael Rößlhuemer, Martin Härtl, M. Jaensch
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
本論文は、メタノールとエタノールの輸送用燃料としての可能性を評価。生産量、コスト、エンジン性能、排出特性を検討し、EU、米国、ブラジル、中国、日本、インドの規制枠組みを比較。現状は乗用車でのエタノール混合が主流だが、海事・航空への拡大には技術・規制の課題がある。脱炭素化には政策支援と技術革新が不可欠と結論。
English
This paper reviews methanol and ethanol as alternative energy carriers for transport decarbonization. It assesses production pathways, cost trajectories, engine performance, and emissions. Regulatory frameworks across six major markets (EU, US, Brazil, China, Japan, India) are compared. Current standards favor ethanol blending in light-duty vehicles, while marine and aviation applications face barriers. The paper concludes that coordinated policy and technological innovation are essential for scaling alcohol fuels.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
日本の運輸部門はCO2排出削減が急務であり、アルコール燃料は既存インフラを活用可能な選択肢。日本ではエタノール混合率3%に留まるが、規制緩和や技術開発の進展が期待される。本レビューは日本の燃料政策と国際調和の参考となる。
In the global GX context
This review provides a global perspective on alcohol fuels as transport decarbonization options, with specific regulatory comparisons including Japan. It is relevant for international standards development (ISO, IMO) and for countries like Japan exploring biofuel blending to meet GHG reduction targets.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:Provides a comprehensive overview of alcohol fuel production, engine compatibility, and regulatory status across major markets, useful for researchers in alternative fuels and transport policy.
🏢実務担当者:Corporate sustainability teams can use this to assess the feasibility of methanol/ethanol as drop-in or blending fuels for fleet decarbonization and supply chain planning.
🏛政策担当者:Highlights regulatory gaps and opportunities for harmonizing fuel standards to accelerate alcohol fuel adoption in road, marine, and aviation sectors.
📄 Abstract（原文）
The global transport sector accounts for approximately 30 % of total final energy consumption and 15.9 % of worldwide greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, with road transport alone accounting for the largest share at 11.8 %. Decarbonizing this sector requires energy sources that combine scalable generation from renewable sources with compatibility with various modes of transportation and existing infrastructure.Methanol and ethanol emerge as promising alternative energy carriers that can leverage existing logistics infrastructure while reducing dependence on fossil fuels. Global methanol production reached 112 million metric tons, and global ethanol production totaled approximately 93.5 million metric tons in 2024, compared to more than 2 billion metric tons of gasoline and diesel produced annually. The review assesses production pathways and cost trajectories for both alcohols, evaluates fuel requirements across multiple transport modes, including passenger vehicles, light- and heavy-duty vehicles, maritime shipping, aviation, and rail, and provides regulatory frameworks governing fuel standards in six major markets, the European Union, the USA, Brazil, China, Japan, and India. From a technical perspective, the internal combustion engine is examined in greater detail as the energy conversion system, synthesizing current combustion research on engine performance, emissions characteristics, and cold-start behavior.Current standards predominantly accommodate ethanol blending for spark-ignition (SI) engines in passenger vehicle applications, with permitted concentration limits ranging from 3 % in Japan to nearly pure ethanol in Brazil. Methanol applications remain more limited in road applications. In the maritime sector, recent ISO 8217:2024 specifications and International Maritime Organization (IMO) interim guidelines have established frameworks for the use of methanol and ethanol as marine fuels. Aviation remains the most restrictive sector, with alcohol fuels explicitly prohibited in certified aviation fuels due to material compatibility and safety concerns.To unlock the decarbonization potential of methanol and ethanol in the transport sector, coordinated policy support and continued technological innovation will be essential. As production scales and regulatory frameworks mature, both alcohol fuels may play an increasingly central role in the transition toward sustainable mobility.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- semanticscholar https://doi.org/10.4271/2026-37-0042first seen 2026-06-29 06:21:17
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