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Environmental Sustainability in EU and BRICS Economies: Long-Run, Heterogeneous, and Causal Dynamics

EU・BRICS経済の環境持続可能性：長期・不均質・因果動態 (AI 翻訳)

TOSUNOĞLU, Mahir, HUYUGÜZEL KIŞLA, Gül

Zenodoプレプリント2026-06-30#エネルギー転換
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21002585
原典: https://zenodo.org/records/21002585
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🤖 gxceed AI 要約

日本語

本研究は、EUとBRICS諸国を対象に、1995～2021年の環境劣化の決定要因を比較分析した。化石燃料消費、工業化、天然資源レントは両グループで環境劣化を促進するが、経済成長は抑制効果を持つ。再生可能エネルギーはEUでは環境劣化を抑制するが、BRICSでは有意な効果を示さない。政策はグループごとに異なる戦略が必要と結論付けている。

English

This study compares determinants of environmental degradation in EU and BRICS economies (1995-2021). Fossil energy, industrialization, and natural resource rents increase degradation in both groups, while economic growth mitigates it. Renewable energy reduces degradation only in the EU. Differentiated policy strategies are recommended.

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters

日本のGX文脈において

日本のエネルギー転換政策にとって、再生可能エネルギーの導入効果が経済構造によって異なることを示す本分析は参考になる。特にBRICS諸国で再エネが有意な効果を持たない点は、日本が新興国との連携を考える際の示唆を含む。

In the global GX context

This paper contributes to the global discourse on the heterogeneous effects of renewable energy across developed and emerging economies. The finding that renewable energy significantly reduces degradation only in the EU underscores the importance of institutional and structural factors. It provides empirical support for differentiated climate policy approaches, relevant for international frameworks like the Paris Agreement.

👥 読者別の含意

🔬研究者:Provides robust empirical evidence on the heterogeneous determinants of environmental degradation across EU and BRICS, with useful methodological implications for panel data studies.

🏢実務担当者:May inform corporate sustainability teams about macroeconomic drivers of emissions in key markets, but limited direct operational applicability.

🏛政策担当者:Highlights the need for differentiated policy strategies for developed vs. emerging economies in climate action.

📄 Abstract（原文）

Environmental sustainability is a fundamental prerequisite for achieving long-term economic growth and sustainable development. This study comparatively examines the determinants of environmental degradation in EU and BRICS economies over the period 1995-2021. Specifically, it analyzes the effects of fossil energy consumption, renewable energy consumption, economic growth, industrialization, and natural resource rents on environmental degradation. To provide a comprehensive empirical framework, the PMG-DFE ARDL approach is employed to capture short- and long-run dynamics, while the CS-ARDL approach is used as a robustness check against potential cross-sectional dependence. In addition, simultaneous quantile regression is applied to examine heterogeneous effects across different emission levels, and the Emirmahmutoğlu and Köse (2011) panel causality test is used to identify directional causal relationships among the variables. The findings reveal that the determinants of environmental degradation differ between EU and BRICS economies. The long-run results indicate that fossil energy consumption, industrialization, and natural resource rents increase environmental degradation in both groups, whereas economic growth has a mitigating effect. Renewable energy reduces environmental degradation in the EU but does not exert a significant mitigating effect in BRICS economies. The error-correction coefficients show that adjustment toward the long-run equilibrium occurs faster in the EU than in BRICS. The quantile regression results further indicate that fossil energy remains the primary driver of emissions in both groups, although its effects vary across emission levels. The causality results reveal bidirectional causal linkages between environmental degradation and the explanatory variables. Overall, the findings suggest that differentiated policy strategies are needed to enhance environmental sustainability in EU and BRICS economies.

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