Pathway-Based Review of LCA Studies on Hydrogen, Methane-Based Fuels, Methanol and Ethanol for Internal Combustion Engines
内燃機関向け水素、メタンベース燃料、メタノール、エタノールに関するライフサイクルアセスメント研究のパスウェイベースレビュー (AI 翻訳)
Benedetta Peiretti Paradisi, Maryam Karrar, M. Prussi
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
本レビューは、内燃機関向けの水素、メタンベース燃料、メタノール、エタノールについて、ライフサイクルアセスメント、技術的成熟度、商業的成熟度、エンジン関連の考慮事項を統合したパスウェイベースのアプローチで評価した。燃料の環境性能は原料、製造経路、プロセス構成、エネルギー源に大きく依存し、水素では風力電解で約3gCO2eq/MJから石炭ガス化で約230gCO2eq/MJまでの幅がある。重要な知見として、経路選択が燃料の同一性よりも重要であり、再生可能・バイオベースの経路が低いライフサイクルGHG排出を達成できることを示した。
English
This review examines hydrogen, methane-based fuels, methanol, and ethanol for internal combustion engines using a pathway-based approach integrating life-cycle assessment, technology readiness level, commercial readiness level, and engine considerations. Results show that environmental performance varies greatly by feedstock, production pathway, and energy source, with hydrogen ranging from 3 to 230 gCO2eq/MJ. The key finding is that pathway selection is more influential than fuel identity, emphasizing that effective decarbonization strategies should focus on upstream fuel production rather than fuel categories alone.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
日本では水素や合成燃料の導入が進められており、本レビューは燃料選択よりも製造経路の設計が重要であることを示す。SSBJやGX推進策において、燃料のライフサイクル評価の基準策定に示唆を与える。
In the global GX context
This review underscores that for hard-to-abate sectors like heavy-duty transport, the choice of fuel production pathway is more critical than the fuel type itself. It aligns with global efforts to decarbonize transport under ISSB and CSRD, highlighting the need for granular LCA data to support transition finance and disclosure.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:Provides a comprehensive dataset of LCA results for alternative fuels and a framework for pathway comparison.
🏢実務担当者:Offers guidance for heavy-duty transport operators and fuel producers on which fuel pathways offer the lowest lifecycle emissions.
🏛政策担当者:Indicates that policy should incentivize specific production pathways rather than broad fuel categories to achieve effective decarbonization.
📄 Abstract（原文）
The role of internal combustion engines in future transport systems is expected to remain central, particularly in hard-to-abate sectors such as heavy-duty road transport and maritime applications. However, their decarbonization requires the adoption of low-carbon and renewable fuels. This review examines hydrogen, methane-based fuels, methanol, and ethanol for internal combustion engine applications using a pathway-based approach that integrates life-cycle assessment, technology readiness level, commercial readiness level, and engine-related considerations. The reviewed literature shows that the environmental performance of these fuels varies strongly depending on feedstock, production pathway, process configuration, and energy source. From a Well-to-Tank perspective, hydrogen pathways exhibit particularly large variability, ranging from around 3 gCO2eq/MJ for wind-based electrolysis to around 230 g CO2eq/MJ for coal gasification. Methane-based fuels range from around 16 gCO2eq/MJ for fossil compressed and liquefied natural gas to negative values for waste- and manure-based biomethane. Methanol and ethanol also show substantial variability, with renewable, waste-derived, and bio-based pathways generally offering substantially lower life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions than fossil-based routes. In the use phase, Tank-to-Wheel analysis shows that energy demand remains relatively similar across fuels, while differences in direct emissions are mainly related to fuel carbon content and other GHG species such as CH4 or H2 slip and combustion-related species such as N2O. The Well-to-Wheel comparison for heavy-duty applications highlights that upstream fuel production pathways strongly influence overall performance, while use-phase contributions play a secondary role and mainly affect the final ranking when upstream emissions are comparable. Overall, the review shows that pathway selection is more influential than fuel identity itself, highlighting that effective decarbonization strategies should focus on pathway design and upstream fuel production rather than on fuel categories alone, and that renewable and bio-based pathways offer the greatest potential for achieving very low or near-zero life-cycle GHG emissions in internal combustion engine applications.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- semanticscholar https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/19/13/3128/pdf?version=1782910500first seen 2026-07-05 05:40:39
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