Energy Transition and Climate Vulnerability in India: Evidence from the EKC Hypothesis with Renewable Energy, Inequality, Globalization, and Technology
エネルギー転換と気候脆弱性：再生可能エネルギー、不平等、グローバリゼーション、技術を考慮した環境クズネッツ仮説のインドにおける証拠 (AI 翻訳)
Bahar OĞUL, Sefa Özbek
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
本研究は、1995～2023年のインドの年次データを用い、再生可能エネルギー利用、所得不平等、経済成長、グローバリゼーション、技術進歩が気候脆弱性に与える影響を分析。フーリエARDLモデル等の非線形手法を適用し、経済成長と気候脆弱性の間に逆U字関係（環境クズネッツ仮説）が成立することを確認。再生可能エネルギーと技術進歩は脆弱性を低減するが、グローバリゼーションは悪化させる。インドのネットゼロ目標達成には、排出削減だけでなく気候回復力と社会的包摂を強化する政策が必要と示唆。
English
This study analyzes determinants of climate vulnerability in India's energy transition using annual data 1995–2023. Applying Fourier ARDL and related nonlinear methods, it finds an inverted U-shaped EKC relationship between economic growth and vulnerability. Renewable energy and technological progress reduce vulnerability, while globalization increases it. The results imply that India's net-zero policies should integrate climate resilience and social inclusion beyond emission reduction.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
本論文はインドの気候脆弱性に焦点を当て、再生可能エネルギーと技術が脆弱性低減に有効であることを実証。日本が推進するアジアでのエネルギー転換協力や、クリーンエネルギー技術輸出戦略に示唆を与える。また、所得不平等の間接的影響を指摘し、我が国の公正な移行（ジャストトランジション）議論にも貢献。
In the global GX context
This paper provides robust empirical evidence for the EKC hypothesis in India, a major emerging economy, using advanced time-series methods. It highlights the dual role of renewable energy and technology in reducing climate vulnerability while cautioning that globalization can exacerbate it. The findings are relevant for global climate policy, especially for countries pursuing net-zero targets, emphasizing the need for holistic policies that integrate emission reduction, climate resilience, and social equity.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:The Fourier ARDL approach offers a methodological template for analyzing nonlinear climate-economy relationships. The EKC validation in India provides a comparative case for EKC studies in other developing countries.
🏢実務担当者:The result that renewable energy reduces vulnerability supports corporate investment in Indian renewable projects. However, globalization's negative effect suggests careful supply chain management.
🏛政策担当者:For Indian policymakers: energy transition policies must go beyond carbon accounting and address inequality and resilience. For global policymakers: the paper reinforces that social inclusion is integral to climate action.
📄 Abstract（原文）
This study aims to examine the key factors determining climate vulnerability in India's energy transition process, within the framework of its goal to achieve net zero emissions by 2070. In this context, the effects of renewable energy use, income inequality, economic growth, globalization, and technological progress on India's climate vulnerability are analyzed. Annual data specific to India for the period 1995-2023 are used in the study. To account for nonlinear relationships and potential structural breaks, fractional frequency Fourier ADF unit root tests, a fractional frequency Fourier ARDL model, and the Fourier bootstrap Toda-Yamamoto causality approach were applied in the empirical analysis. Furthermore, FMOLS and CCR estimators with Fourier functions were used to test the robustness of the findings. The empirical findings yield consistent results in both the short and long term. The results show an inverted U-shaped relationship between economic growth and climate vulnerability, and thus the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis is valid in the case of India. Furthermore, it has been found that the use of renewable energy and technological progress reduce climate vulnerability, while globalization increases it. The impact of income inequality appears to manifest not directly, but rather through structural channels such as growth dynamics and institutional capacity. These findings indicate that for India to achieve its net-zero target, its energy transition policies should not focus solely on emission reduction, but should also be supported by holistic policy designs that strengthen climate resilience and promote social inclusion.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- openalex https://doi.org/10.64808/engineeringperspective.1905136first seen 2026-07-02 05:17:17
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