Assessing strategies to decarbonise embodied carbon impacts of residential buildings in Indian cities: case of Ahmedabad

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🔬研究者:Scenario modeling approach using AIM/End-use model and IPCC AR6 framework can be replicated for other cities or countries.

🏢実務担当者:Identifies concrete decarbonization levers for cement and steel in construction, including efficiency, CCS, and green hydrogen.

🏛政策担当者:Highlights the need for sufficiency-oriented policies, stricter building codes, and early investment in CCS/green hydrogen to meet 2050 targets.

By 2050, India’s residential housing demand is likely to reach 576 million units. The constructed floor area (CFA) and per capita floor space consumption needed to service this demand will result in increasing demand for building materials and CO2 emissions. While some progress has been made on reducing CO2 emissions from the operation stage, technological advancements and implementation to reduce buildings' "embodied" carbon emissions are still lacking momentum. This study evaluates mitigation potential and decarbonisation strategies through scenario assessment for cement and steel from residential buildings. The City of Ahmedabad is taken as a case study to assess strategies for decarbonising embodied-carbon impacts of future residential buildings to be built by 2050. Based on the Intergovernmental panel on climate change sixth assessment report (IPCC AR6) framework, four decarbonisation strategies to quantify CO₂ emissions from cement and steel have been adopted for the study. Asia-Pacific Integrated Model (AIM)/ End-use model, has been used for the study to understand and forecast the potential GHG emission reduction. Results from the study show that the Energy Efficiency and Clean Technology (EECTS) can achieve 46% CO2 emission reductions from the cement sector compared to the Reference scenario, while Circular Economy and Sufficiency Scenario (CESS) can deliver 34% can be achieved. For steel, 60.2% emission reduction from the EECTS and 48.8% from the CESS scenario can be achieved. The study concludes that attaining deep decarbonisation is feasible, but it would still necessitate higher and earlier levels of material efficiency, a scaling up of carbon capture storage (CCS) capacity, and the adoption of green hydrogen, ambitious grid decarbonisation and major advances in urban and building regulations. Furthermore, as technology alone be sufficient to decarbonize the residential building industry, the concept of sufficiency should be advanced and put into practice through knowledge and policies.

• semanticscholar https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/2634-4505/ae87c7/pdffirst seen 2026-07-13 07:19:03