Greenhouse gas emission intensities in extensive beef cattle production systems in the Global South: a systematic review
グローバルサウスの粗放的な牛肉生産システムにおける温室効果ガス排出原単位：系統的レビュー (AI 翻訳)
Blessing Gumindoga, Walter Svinurai, Tinyiko Halimani, Showman Gwatibaya
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
本レビューは、アフリカ、アジア、南米の粗放的な牛肉生産システムにおける温室効果ガス排出原単位（GHGEI）を系統的に整理した。肉タンパク質1kgあたりの排出量は地域間で大きく異なり（アジア6.3-305.8 kg CO2-eq、南米8.2-94.2 kg CO2-eq、アフリカ6.6-279 kg CO2-eq）、計測方法や機能単位の不統一がばらつきを拡大している。腸内発酵由来のメタンが主要排出源であり、土地利用変化は南米で影響が大きい。排出量算定の標準化とMRV体制の改善が急務である。
English
This systematic review synthesizes evidence on greenhouse gas emission intensities (GHGEI) from extensive beef cattle systems in Africa, Asia, and South America. Reported GHGEI values vary widely: 6.3-305.8 kg CO2-eq/kg protein in Asia, 8.2-94.2 in South America, and 6.6-279 in Africa, driven by productivity and methodological inconsistency. Enteric methane dominates, and land-use change is a key factor in South America. Standardizing emission accounting frameworks is urgently needed for credible mitigation assessments.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
日本では輸入畜産物のScope 3排出量算定に本データが活用可能だが、対象地域がグローバルサウス中心であり、国内の集約的畜産には直接適用しにくい。むしろ、開発途上国向けの技術支援や算定手法の標準化議論に参考となる。
In the global GX context
The paper highlights critical gaps in agricultural GHG accounting that affect global inventories, particularly for developing countries. For international GX practitioners, it underscores the need for standardized functional units and system boundaries in livestock emission reporting—a challenge shared with corporate Scope 3 accounting. The findings support efforts to improve national GHG inventories and align with transparency requirements under the Paris Agreement.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:Provides a comprehensive synthesis of emission factors and methodological challenges for extensive beef systems, useful for improving GHG models and regional analyses.
🏢実務担当者:Offers context for companies sourcing beef from the Global South to understand variability in emission intensities and the importance of consistent accounting.
🏛政策担当者:Supports design of mitigation policies and integration of extensive livestock into national inventories by highlighting data gaps and methodological inconsistencies.
📄 Abstract（原文）
Extensive beef cattle production systems underpin rural livelihoods across Africa, Asia, and South America, yet they remain a major source of uncertainty in agricultural greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting due to low productivity, data limitations, and methodological inconsistency in data collection. This systematic review synthesises evidence on greenhouse gas emission intensity (GHGEI) from extensive cattle systems in developing regions. The objective is to identify biological and methodological drivers of variation and assess implications for emission measurement and mitigation planning. Following the PRISMA framework, 67 peer-reviewed and grey literature studies published between 2010 and 2025 were analysed, covering functional units, system boundaries, emission quantification methods, allocation approaches, and mitigation interventions. Reported GHGEI values show substantial regional and methodological variability. For meat, emission intensities range from 6.3 to 305.8 kg CO 2 -eq per kg protein in Asia, 8.2 to 94.2 kg CO 2 -eq per kg in South America and the Caribbean, and 6.6 to 279 kg CO 2 -eq per kg in Africa. When expressed per unit of meat protein, values span 63.5 to 307.5 kg CO 2 -eq per kg protein in Asia, 39.8 to 226.5 kg CO 2 -eq per kg protein in South America and the Caribbean, and 50.8 to 387.6 kg CO 2 -eq per kg protein in Africa. For combined meat and milk protein, emission intensities range from 2 to 314 kg CO 2 -eq per kg protein in Asia, 14 to 312 kg CO 2 -eq per kg protein in South America and the Caribbean, and 179 to 295 kg CO 2 -eq per kg protein in Africa. This highlights large differences in productivity, system efficiency, and methodological approaches across regions. Inconsistent functional units, system boundaries, tools for quantifying GHGEI, and allocation methods substantially amplify reported variability. GLEAM-based emission profiles indicate that enteric methane dominates emissions across regions, with land-use change strongly influencing emission intensities in South America. Standardising emission accounting frameworks and improving measurement, reporting, and verification systems are essential for credible mitigation assessment and integration of extensive beef cattle systems into national GHG inventories and climate policy.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- crossref https://doi.org/10.3389/fanim.2026.1821075first seen 2026-06-03 05:56:07
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