農業バイオガス生産の戦略的基質としての食品廃棄物：ポーランドにおけるエネルギー・気候ポテンシャルの定量化

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

🔬研究者:基質別メタン収率係数と国家統計を組み合わせた潜在量推計の手法は、他国のバイオガス研究に転用できる。

🏢実務担当者:食品廃棄物を調達・処理する事業者にとって、嫌気性消化による処理コスト削減と消化液の肥料利用の可能性を評価する材料になる。

🏛政策担当者:食品廃棄物防止策と再エネ支援制度の政策整合を図る際の定量的根拠として参照できる。

The integration of food waste valorisation with renewable energy production represents a strategic opportunity within the European Green Deal and circular economy framework. Poland generates over 4.5 million tonnes of food waste annually (EUROSTAT, 2024), while its agricultural biogas sector remains significantly underdeveloped relative to technical potential. This study quantifies the potential contribution of food waste to agricultural biogas production and assesses its environmental implications. The analysis covers 2022–2023 and combines national food waste reporting data, biogas production statistics from the National Support Centre for Agriculture (KOWR, 2024), and peer-reviewed methane yield coefficients for different substrate categories. The methodological procedure included: (i) determination of food waste mass at each stage of the agri-food chain, (ii) estimation of organic dry matter (oDM) content based on literature values, and (iii) calculation of theoretical biogas yields using substrate-specific methane production coefficients (m³/t oDM). Additionally, a SWOT analysis was conducted to evaluate technological, regulatory and economic factors influencing implementation. Results indicate that the total theoretical biogas potential from food waste in Poland amounts to approximately 484 million m³/year, corresponding to 72% of the current national agricultural biogas production capacity (672 million m³/year). Food waste originating specifically from primary production and processing could yield approximately 228 million m³/year (34% of total capacity). These findings demonstrate that food waste constitutes a major, yet underutilised, renewable substrate capable of substantially increasing biomethane output. Environmental assessment confirms that anaerobic digestion of food waste significantly reduces methane emissions compared to landfill disposal and enables nutrient recovery through digestate application, contributing to closed-loop nutrient cycles. However, barriers include administrative complexity, sanitary regulations for animal-origin substrates, grid connection limitations, and competition with other renewable energy technologies. The study concludes that food waste-based biogas production should be framed primarily as an environmentally sound waste management solution aligned with the waste hierarchy, with energy generation as a co-benefit. Policy coherence between food waste prevention strategies and renewable energy support mechanisms is essential to unlock this potential and maximise climate mitigation benefits.

• Zenodo https://zenodo.org/records/23678276first seen 2026-10-28 04:13:35