エネルギー転換と保全のトレードオフ：東南アジアにおける生物多様性、生態系、健康アウトカムの系統的レビュー

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

🔬研究者:Provides a systematic framework and evidence synthesis on energy transition trade-offs in Southeast Asia, useful for further research on co-benefits and co-harms.

🏢実務担当者:Highlights potential health and biodiversity impacts of energy projects, useful for corporate sustainability assessments and supply chain due diligence.

🏛政策担当者:Emphasizes the need to integrate biodiversity, health, and equity into energy policy, relevant for national transition planning and international cooperation.

Decarbonization is often seen as a key approach to reducing climate impacts, but its effects on human health, ecosystems, and fairness in how environmental benefits and burdens are shared are not well considered, especially in Southeast Asia. This study tackles this gap by creating a detailed analysis of the various trade-offs involved in different energy transition paths throughout the ASEAN region. We followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines and registered our study with PROSPERO (CRD420261305424). We looked at twenty-four studies published between 2020 and 2025 from five major databases. To check the quality of these studies, we used tools from the Joanna Briggs Institute. This review goes beyond just describing what's been found and points out that efforts to reduce carbon emissions have two sides. On one hand, they improve health by reducing pollution. On the other hand, they can spread out risks to the environment and to people in different ways. Because the included studies were highly heterogeneous in design, exposure, and outcome measurement, the evidence was integrated narratively rather than through quantitative meta-analysis; the magnitudes reported below therefore derive from individual primary studies and should not be interpreted as pooled estimates. Clean-energy interventions were associated with substantial health gains: a single difference-in-differences evaluation of Indonesia's kerosene-to-LPG programme reported an approximately 25% reduction in infant mortality, one quasi-experimental clean-cooking study reported a 2.9% lower depression risk, and a nonlinear econometric study in Malaysia estimated a 4.86% increase in life expectancy. These co-benefits were offset by less well-characterised co-harms identified in other individual studies, including environmental degradation from nickel mining, an approximately 13% decline in local community health outcomes in mining-affected villages, and carcinogenic risks along renewable-energy supply chains. This study introduces a new framework that connects conservation, health, and energy justice, showing how efforts to reduce carbon emissions can lead to different impacts on various communities and environments. The results show that energy policies must include thoughts about biodiversity, risks over time, and fairness in health outcomes, making sure that changes are not just low in carbon, but also good for the environment and fair for people.

• openalex https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indic.2026.101442first seen 2026-08-19 04:33:49