どの面で後れを取っているのか：ビジネス・AI・再生可能エネルギーにおける欧州の対米中競争力——知識・創出・普及の三段階分析
Behind on Which Front? Knowledge, Creation and Deployment in Europe’s Position Relative to the United States and China in Business, Artificial Intelligence and Renewable Energy (原題)
Merlet A
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
欧州の対米中競争力を「知識」「創出」「普及」の三段階に分解し、ビジネス・AI・再エネについて14指標で比較した実証研究。2023年のEUは知識で米国の1.34倍、普及で1.23倍だが、創出では0.33倍にとどまる。対中では知識0.55、創出0.29、普及1.52で、いずれも2017年以降年4〜12%低下。欧州の後れは科学や普及ではなく「事業化・資本化」の転換段階にあると結論づける。
English
This study decomposes EU competitiveness against the US and China into knowledge, creation and deployment stages across business, AI and renewable energy, using 14 indicators. In 2023 the EU led the US in knowledge (1.34x) and deployment (1.23x) but lagged badly in creation (0.33x); against China it scored 0.55, 0.29 and 1.52, with all ratios declining 4-12% annually since 2017. Europe's gap lies in commercialization, not science or adoption.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
日本のGX政策にとっても「科学は強いが事業化・資本化が弱い」という欧州の構図は示唆的で、再エネ普及と技術商用化の分離分析は国内の産業競争力・GX投資戦略の議論に応用できる。
In the global GX context
For global disclosure and transition-finance scholarship, this reframes 'falling behind' as a commercialization gap, relevant to how transition finance and industrial policy target scale-up rather than R&D or adoption alone.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:技術競争力を知識・創出・普及に分解する指標設計とHAC頑健検定の手法が参考になる。
🏢実務担当者:再エネ・AI分野での欧州の事業化ギャップは、調達・投資立地判断の文脈情報になる。
🏛政策担当者:GX産業政策においてR&D支援より商用化・資本化支援がボトルネックになり得る点を示唆。
📄 Abstract（原文）
<title>Abstract</title> <p>Whether Europe has fallen behind the United States and China is central to European economic policy, yet the debate pools very different activities into one verdict. This study separates three stages of technological competitiveness: knowledge (the science base), creation (turning knowledge into firms, capital, frontier technology and exportable manufacturing) and deployment (adoption and diffusion). It measures the European Union’s position in business, artificial intelligence and renewable energy against both rivals with 14 indicators from six public sources. Each indicator is expressed as a log ratio and analysed with HAC-robust trend tests, a pre-specified test for a change after 2020 and leave-one-out pillar indices. In 2023 the EU stood at 1.34 times the United States in knowledge and 1.23 times in deployment, but at 0.33 in creation. Against China it stood at 0.55, 0.29 and 1.52, respectively, and all three ratios declined by 4–12% a year from 2017. The EU’s share of R&D among the world’s 1,000 largest corporate investors fell from 24.7% to 16.4% between FY2010 and FY2024, and its share of ICT corporate R&D from 16.2% to 6.0%. Europe has fallen behind, but mainly in conversion rather than in science or adoption.</p>
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- Research Square https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11341960/v1first seen 2026-10-17 04:22:14 · last seen 2026-10-27 04:25:49
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