A Sustainable Closed-Loop Supply Chain Design for Household Plastic Waste Considering Carbon Taxation and Regional Equity
炭素税と地域衡平性を考慮した家庭用プラスチック廃棄物の持続可能なクローズドループサプライチェーン設計 (AI 翻訳)
Lv Q, Ma X, Lv J
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
本論文は、家庭用プラスチック廃棄物のクローズドループサプライチェーンに炭素税と地域コスト均衡基準を組み込んだ二段階最適化モデルを提案。製造業者と公共部門の行動を分離し、炭素コストの二重計上を避けつつ、リサイクル率と排出削減、地域間の公平性のトレードオフを分析。シミュレーションにより、炭素税がリサイクル率を25.02%から28.09%に引き上げ、システム排出量を約2.73%削減することを示した。また、均衡基準の厳格化が地域間コスト格差を縮小し、リサイクルを高負担地域に誘導する補完的効果を確認した。
English
This paper extends a decentralized closed-loop supply chain model for household plastic waste by incorporating carbon taxation and regional cost-equity standards into a bilevel optimization framework. The manufacturer chooses purchases and shipments, while local public sectors manage collection, transfer, and disposal. Carbon costs are assigned separately to avoid double counting, and equity is modeled as proportional bounds on deviations from average disposal burden. Simulations show that a carbon tax increases the real recycling rate from 25.02% to 28.09% and reduces system emissions by about 2.73%. Tightening equity thresholds reduces regional cost disparities by 26.1% and slightly boosts recycling, suggesting carbon pricing and equity rules are complementary.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
日本では2024年度からプラスチック資源循環促進法が全面施行され、自治体による廃プラスチックの分別収集・リサイクルが進んでいる。同時に、炭素税（地球温暖化対策税）の引上げや、カーボンプライシングの本格導入が議論されており、本論文のモデルはこうした政策の複合的効果を定量的に評価する枠組みとして参考になる。特に、地域間の公平性を考慮した廃棄物処理負担の配分は、都道府県間の格差が課題となる日本において政策的示唆に富む。
In the global GX context
Globally, plastic waste management is under pressure from both carbon pricing (e.g., EU ETS, national carbon taxes) and extended producer responsibility schemes. This paper addresses the underexplored interaction between carbon taxation and regional equity in waste supply chains. It offers a modeling framework that can inform policy design for jurisdictions implementing carbon taxes alongside waste management regulations, such as the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism and waste shipment rules. The findings highlight that equity standards can complement carbon pricing by directing recycling investments to overburdened regions, a consideration often missing in carbon pricing debates.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:This paper provides a bilevel optimization framework with MPEC that integrates carbon taxation and equity constraints, offering a methodology for studying policy interactions in circular supply chains.
🏢実務担当者:Waste management companies and manufacturers can use the model's insights to anticipate how carbon taxation and equity regulations may affect plastic waste procurement, recycling costs, and facility location decisions.
🏛政策担当者:The results show that carbon taxes and equity standards are complementary policy tools for increasing recycling rates and reducing regional disparities, providing evidence for designing integrated waste and climate policies.
📄 Abstract（原文）
Household plastic waste management is increasingly shaped by two policy pressures that are not fully captured by conventional closed-loop supply chain design models: the need to internalize carbon emissions and the need to distribute local waste-management burdens fairly across regions. This study extends the decentralized closed-loop supply chain framework to incorporate carbon taxation and regional cost-equity standards into a manufacturer-public-sector bilevel model. The manufacturer chooses virgin-resource purchases, recycled plastic waste-bale purchases, and product shipments, while local public sectors manage collection, transfer, disposal, and interregional waste flows. Carbon costs are assigned separately to manufacturer activities and public-sector activities to avoid double counting. Regional equity is modeled as a proportional bound on deviations from the average disposal burden, converting the local follower system into a regulated decentralized equilibrium. We reformulate the public-sector optimality conditions as an updated mathematical program with equilibrium constraints and use a two-stage computational design: a small-scale continuous MPEC/KKT validation solved with open-source SciPy routines, followed by reproducible normalized policy simulations calibrated to the operational ranges reported in the source study. The results show that carbon taxation increases the real recycling rate from 25.02% to 28.09% before the recycled-bale supply capacity becomes binding, reducing system emissions by approximately 2.73%. At a carbon tax of 30 USD/tCO2, tightening the regional equity threshold from 25% to 5% reduces the standard deviation of regional waste-management costs by approximately 26.1% and slightly increases the real recycling rate. The findings suggest that carbon taxation and equity standards are complementary: carbon pricing strengthens demand for recycled bales, while equity rules redirect recycling efforts toward high-burden regions. The study contributes a sustainability-oriented extension of decentralized plastic waste supply chain design and offers policy guidance for balancing recycling, emissions reduction, and regional fairness.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- Research Square https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202607.1590.v1first seen 2026-07-25 04:36:47
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