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Energy Intensity Convergence and Sustainable Energy Transition in the European Union: Evidence from Fourier-Based Quantile Methods

EUにおけるエネルギー原単位の収束と持続可能なエネルギー転換：フーリエベースの分位法による証拠 (AI 翻訳)

Yunus Gülcü, Esma Gültekin Tarla, Tayfur Bayat

Sustainability📚 査読済 / ジャーナル2026-05-09#省エネOrigin: EU
DOI: 10.3390/su18104740
原典: https://doi.org/10.3390/su18104740

🤖 gxceed AI 要約

日本語

本研究は、1993年から2021年までのEU加盟国間のエネルギー原単位の収束を、フーリエ変換と分位点単位根検定を組み合わせた手法で分析。結果、2009年までは強い収束が見られたが、その後発散に転じ、単一のEU政策では不十分で各国の事情に応じた柔軟な戦略が必要と示唆。

English

This study investigates energy intensity convergence in EU member states from 1993 to 2021 using Fourier-based quantile unit root tests. Strong convergence was found until 2009, but divergence afterward, suggesting that uniform EU policies are insufficient and coordinated yet flexible strategies are needed.

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters

日本のGX文脈において

本論文はEUを対象とするが、フーリエ分位法という手法は日本のエネルギー原単位データにも応用可能。また、2009年以降の収束の弱まりは、日本の地域間エネルギー政策にも示唆を与える。

In the global GX context

This paper contributes to energy convergence literature by combining Fourier transform with quantile methods to capture structural breaks and distributional heterogeneity. The findings highlight the need for flexible policy coordination in energy transition, relevant for global contexts like the EU or federal systems.

👥 読者別の含意

🔬研究者:Methodological innovation: combining Fourier transform and quantile unit root tests for convergence analysis.

🏛政策担当者:Evidence that uniform energy intensity targets may not be effective; policies should account for national differences.

📄 Abstract（原文）

This study investigates the convergence of energy intensity in the member states of the European Union (EU) between 1993 and 2021. To assess convergence, sigma and stochastic (beta) convergence analyses are performed using conventional, Fourier transform, and quantile-based unit root tests. Unlike previous studies, this work combines Fourier transform and quantile approaches to capture both gradual structural breaks and distributional differences between EU countries. The results show that convergence was strong between 1993 and 2009 but weakened after 2009, indicating increasing structural divergence between member states. The results also show that the convergence behavior is not uniform, suggesting that linear methods alone provide an incomplete picture. These findings imply that a single EU policy may not be sufficient and that a sustainable energy transition requires coordinated yet flexible strategies that take national differences into account. All empirical analyses were performed using R (version 4.3.2) and Stata (version 18).

🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース

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