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From Coexistence to Mutualism: Mainstreaming Biodiversity in the Sustainable Development Goals

共存から相利共生へ：持続可能な開発目標における生物多様性の主流化 (AI 翻訳)

Ari Budi Suryawinata, Mariel Tania Darmayani, Listyani Suhargo

BIOTROPIA📚 査読済 / ジャーナル2026-01-22#生物多様性Origin: Global
DOI: 10.11598/btb.2026.33.1.2652
原典: https://doi.org/10.11598/btb.2026.33.1.2652

🤖 gxceed AI 要約

日本語

本論文は、生物多様性と持続可能な開発目標（SDGs）の統合における「共存」パラダイムの限界を批判的に分析し、相互に強化し合う「相利共生」フレームワークへの転換を提案する。自然を基盤とした解決策（NbS）や生態系サービスへの支払い（PES）などの既存の手段を評価し、制度的・財政的障壁を特定。相利共生を運用可能にするために、一貫した政策ミックス、包摂的なガバナンス、そして検証可能な生態・社会シナジーに報いる資金調達の3つの柱を提言する。

English

This paper critically diagnoses the limitations of the 'coexistence' paradigm in integrating biodiversity into the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), proposing a shift to a 'mutualism' framework where conservation and development are mutually reinforcing. It evaluates existing instruments like Nature-based Solutions (NbS) and Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES), identifying institutional and financial barriers. To operationalize mutualism, it recommends three pillars: coherent policy mixes, inclusive governance, and finance rewarding verifiable ecological and social synergies.

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters

日本のGX文脈において

本論文は、生物多様性と開発の「相利共生」を提唱し、日本の生物多様性戦略やTNFD対応にも示唆を与える。ただし、GX（グリーントランスフォーメーション）の中核テーマではない。

In the global GX context

This paper contributes to the global discussion on mainstreaming biodiversity into development frameworks, aligning with the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework and the growing emphasis on nature-positive approaches in corporate sustainability (e.g., TNFD, SBTN). It offers a conceptual shift from 'do no harm' to active synergy creation.

👥 読者別の含意

🔬研究者:Gains a conceptual framework for moving beyond trade-offs in biodiversity-development integration.

🏢実務担当者:May find the policy and finance recommendations useful for designing corporate biodiversity strategies.

🏛政策担当者:The three-pillar approach provides a roadmap for integrating biodiversity into national SDG strategies.

📄 Abstract（原文）

ARTICLE HIGLIGHTS- Mutualism paradigm aligns biodiversity with sustainable development. - Biodiversity acts as a driver for prosperity rather than a constraint. - Integrated policy mixes unlock powerful synergies for global goals. - Reciprocal benefits are vital to moving beyond mere coexistence.ABSTRACTMainstreaming biodiversity into the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is currently hampered by a prevailing “coexistence” paradigm, which treats conservation and economic development as separate, often conflicting domains. This fragmentation leads to persistent policy silos and unresolved trade-offs, undermining long-term sustainability. This study aimed to critically diagnose the structural limitations of this approach and proposes a transition toward “mutualism”—a framework where biodiversity and development objectives are mutually reinforcing. Adopting a critical review methodology, we synthesized evidence from policy, economic, and scientific sectors. We analyzed specific instruments, such as Nature-based Solutions (NbS) and Payments for Ecosystem Services (PES), to identify the institutional, financial, and social barriers currently constraining their effectiveness. The novelty of this paper lies in the conceptualization of ‘mutualism’ not merely as an ecological metaphor, but as an operational framework for the SDGs that moves beyond the traditional “do no harm” principle to actively engineering reciprocal benefits. We concluded that while existing instruments show promise, they fail to achieve systemic change due to a lack of strategic alignment. To operationalize mutualism, we recommend a strategic shift focusing on three pillars: implementing coherent policy mixes that integrate regulatory and fiscal instruments, establishing inclusive governance to manage trade-offs, and mobilizing finance that rewards verifiable ecological and social synergies.

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