統合型コミュニティ太陽光・バイオガス再生可能エネルギーシステムのGHG削減ポテンシャル評価：ジンバブエ・ハクワタ・グリーンビレッジのケーススタディ

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

🔬研究者:統合再エネシステムのLCA手法と二重機能単位設計、回避排出の計上方法を参考にできる。

🏢実務担当者:炭素クレジット創出やオフセット調達を検討する企業にとって、農村電化案件の削減量算定・MRV設計の実例となる。

🏛政策担当者:JCMや二国間炭素金融を通じた途上国農村電化支援の制度設計に、LCAベースの検証済み削減量算定の枠組みを示す。

Abstract Purpose This study analyses the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission impact of a combined community solar and biogas energy system, using the Hakwata Green Village in Zimbabwe as a case study. The primary aim is to evaluate the Global Warming Potential (GWP) reduction for carbon finance achieved by a 200 kWp/915 kWh solar mini-grid and a 540 m³ biogas plant serving over 12 500 people, relative to default alternatives (grid extension for solar; firewood for biogas). Methods A comprehensive Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was conducted using SimaPro with the ReCiPe 2016 method, focusing on GWP as the key climate change driver and role in carbon finance. The study employs a dual functional unit system: kWh of electricity delivered from the solar mini grid and MJ of energy delivered from the biogas system over the project’s 20-year life. Avoided emissions were calculated from the replacement of national grid with solar, firewood with biogas and the replacement of synthetic fertiliser with biogas digestate. Results and discussion The solar PV system exhibits a life-cycle emission intensity of 145 g CO₂ eq kWh⁻¹, an 85% reduction compared to the Southern African Power Pool grid (SAPP) mix (980 g CO₂ eq kWh⁻¹). The biogas system, despite construction phase emissions, achieves a net negative carbon balance of 26,851.90 t CO₂ eq over 20 years once avoided firewood and synthetic fertiliser burdens are credited. When the two subsystems are combined and compared with the baseline, the integrated community energy system reduces GWP by 1,614 t CO₂ eq year⁻¹, yielding a cumulative net reduction of 33,408 t CO₂ eq over the 20-year project life. Conclusions The findings confirm that an integrated solar-biogas community energy system can deliver emission reductions of 8% against grid electricity and 9% against firewood, while avoiding 33,408 t CO₂ eq over 20 years. These verified reductions, combined with improved energy access, make such projects are strong candidates for carbon finance, offering a replicable rural electrification model beyond the Hakwata Green Village case.

• openalex https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-026-02753-7first seen 2026-10-18 04:39:46