Nature-Based Solutions for Decentralized Wastewater Treatment: A Review of Technical, Economic, and Environmental Viability
分散型排水処理のための自然由来ソリューション：技術的、経済的、環境的実行可能性のレビュー (AI 翻訳)
Victor Heyberger, Jorge Rodríguez‐Chueca
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
本レビューは、分散型排水処理における15種類の自然由来ソリューション（NBS）を技術・経済・環境の観点から評価。NBSは有機物除去において従来システムと同等の性能を示すが、処理能力や敷地面積に制約がある。建設コストを最大66%削減でき、エネルギー消費も大幅に低いが、社会受容性やガバナンスが重要。
English
This review assesses 15 nature-based solutions (NBS) for decentralized wastewater treatment, evaluating technical performance, economic viability, and environmental sustainability. NBS achieve comparable pollutant removal to conventional systems but face limitations in loading capacity and land requirements (0.45–840 m²/PE). They offer up to 66% construction cost reduction and lower energy use, with success depending on site-specific conditions and social acceptance.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
日本では人口減少地域や農村部での排水処理課題が顕在化しており、NBSはグリーンインフラとして注目される。ただし、本論文は日本を対象としていないため、国内適用には地域特性を考慮した追加評価が必要。
In the global GX context
Globally, NBS are gaining traction as decentralized, low-carbon alternatives for wastewater treatment. This review provides a systematic comparison of 15 types, highlighting cost and energy benefits, which is relevant for regions lacking centralized infrastructure and for climate adaptation strategies.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:Provides a comprehensive benchmark of NBS performance, aiding further research on optimization and scaling.
🏢実務担当者:Offers a decision-support tool for selecting appropriate decentralized treatment technologies in rural or peri-urban areas.
🏛政策担当者:Informs policy on integrating NBS into national wastewater management plans, especially for underserved regions.
📄 Abstract（原文）
Wastewater treatment remains a major challenge in rural and peri-urban areas, where conventional centralized infrastructure is often unavailable or insufficient. In this context, Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) have emerged as cost-effective and energy-efficient alternatives for decentralized wastewater treatment. This review presents a comprehensive and multidimensional assessment of 15 NBS types, evaluating their technical performance, economic viability, environmental sustainability, and social dimensions. The analysis indicates that NBS can achieve pollutant removal efficiencies comparable to those of conventional treatment systems, particularly for organic matter and, in some cases, emerging contaminants. However, their performance is strongly influenced by system design and operational conditions. The main limitations of NBS include relatively low hydraulic and pollutant loading capacities, as well as substantial land requirements, ranging from 0.45 to 840 m2·PE−1. These constraints limit their applicability in densely populated areas while making them particularly well suited for rural and low-density settings. From both economic and environmental perspectives, NBS offer significant advantages, including construction cost reductions of up to 66% and substantially lower energy consumption than conventional technologies. Nevertheless, their successful implementation depends not only on technical performance but also on social acceptance, stakeholder engagement, and the establishment of appropriate governance frameworks. Overall, NBS constitute a flexible and sustainable approach to wastewater treatment, whose effectiveness ultimately depends on site-specific conditions and the integration of complementary treatment components.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- openalex https://doi.org/10.3390/w18141775first seen 2026-07-24 05:47:46
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