一帯一路諸国における国際貿易・経済構造とembodied carbon責任：多地域産業連関分析
International trade, economic structure and embodied carbon responsibility in Belt and Road Initiative countries: a multi-regional input-output analysis (原題)
Zhangyi Liu, Tao Li
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
多地域産業連関（MRIO）分析により、一帯一路（BRI）諸国における消費ベース炭素排出とembodied carbonの輸出入・二国間移転を2015〜2023年について推計した研究。韓国・サウジアラビア・インドネシア・トルコ・イランは消費ベース排出が高く、中国は最大の純輸出国、イランは純輸出が最も増加、パキスタンは純輸入が急増した。エネルギー・金属・非金属鉱物・化学・運輸が主要排出源で、中国－韓国、イラン－パキスタンの移転経路が突出している。炭素責任は国境内でなく生産・貿易・消費のネットワークに分散していると結論づける。
English
Using a multi-regional input-output framework, this study estimates consumption-based emissions and embodied carbon flows across Belt and Road Initiative countries for 2015–2023. China remains the largest net exporter of embodied carbon, while Iran shows the sharpest rise in net exports and Pakistan in net imports; energy, metals, minerals, chemicals and transport dominate. Bilateral transfers are highly concentrated, notably China–South Korea and Iran–Pakistan. Carbon responsibility is thus distributed across trade networks rather than territorial emissions alone.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
Scope 3・カテゴリ4（輸送・流通）やCBAM的な越境炭素調整を議論する際、サプライチェーン上流の排出が貿易相手国に帰属する構造を示す実証例として、日本企業のScope 3算定・SSBJ開示の設計に示唆を与える。
In the global GX context
Directly informs the global debate on consumption-based vs territorial accounting, CBAM-style border adjustments, and Scope 3 upstream attribution under ISSB/CSRD disclosure regimes, offering empirical evidence on how embodied carbon responsibility is distributed across trade networks.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:MRIOを用いた越境炭素責任の計測手法とBRI諸国の異質性の実証例として参照できる。
🏢実務担当者:サプライチェーン上流のScope 3排出が貿易相手国に帰属する構造を理解し、調達先別の排出配分設計に活用できる。
🏛政策担当者:越境炭素調整や生産・消費両ベース会計の政策設計において、貿易ネットワーク上の責任配分の根拠として参照できる。
📄 Abstract（原文）
Climate responsibility is increasingly shaped by international trade, as production and final consumption are geographically separated across global value chains. This study investigates the relationship between economic structure, international trade, and embodied carbon responsibility among Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries using a multi-regional input-output framework. Consumption-based carbon emissions, embodied carbon exports and imports, sectoral carbon flows, and bilateral embodied carbon transfers are examined, with particular attention to changes between 2015 and 2023. The results reveal substantial heterogeneity in the carbon roles of BRI economies. South Korea, Saudi Arabia, Indonesia, Türkiye, and Iran exhibit relatively high consumption-based emissions, while China remains the largest net exporter of embodied carbon. Iran shows the most pronounced increase in net embodied carbon exports, whereas Pakistan experiences a substantial rise in net embodied carbon imports. Sectorally, energy processing and utilities, basic metals, non-metallic mineral products, chemicals, and transport-related activities constitute major sources of embodied carbon. The 2023 bilateral network is highly concentrated, with China–South Korea and Iran–Pakistan representing particularly large carbon-transfer pathways. These findings demonstrate that carbon responsibility within the BRI is distributed across interconnected production, trade, and consumption networks rather than being confined to national territorial emissions. Integrating production- and consumption-based accounting with trade and sectoral perspectives can support more differentiated and coordinated low-carbon strategies.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- openalex https://doi.org/10.54254/2977-5701/2026.37874first seen 2026-10-23 05:12:23 · last seen 2026-11-06 04:47:13
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