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米国発電の動向と転換：再生可能エネルギーの拡大とエネルギー強度への示唆；ナラティブレビュー

Trends and Transitions in US Electricity Generation: Renewable Expansion and Energy Intensity Implications; A Narrative Review (原題)

Yasaman Norouzi, Manish Dixit

Architectural Engineering Conference (AEI)ジャーナル2026-10-15#エネルギー転換Origin: US対象セクター: power
DOI: 10.1061/9780784486955.007
原典: https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784486955.007

🤖 gxceed AI 要約

日本語

米国電力部門における再エネ拡大とエネルギー効率改善の動向を約25本の査読論文・機関報告から整理したナラティブレビュー。石炭火力の持続的減少、風力・太陽光の加速的成長、電力需要と経済成長の徐々のデカップリングを示す。炭素強度評価や建物エネルギー・LCA等の持続可能性分析への影響と、動的評価に関する研究ギャップを指摘する。

English

A narrative review synthesizing ~25 studies on US electricity generation trends, renewable expansion, and energy intensity. It finds sustained coal decline, accelerated wind/solar growth, and gradual decoupling of electricity demand from economic growth, and discusses implications for carbon intensity assessment, building energy modeling, and LCA, highlighting gaps in dynamic sustainability assessment.

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters

日本のGX文脈において

米国の電力転換は日本の電源構成・排出係数議論やSSBJのScope2算定の参考になるが、日本固有の政策連動は薄い。

In the global GX context

Provides global disclosure scholars with evidence on how shifting US generation mixes affect grid emission factors and carbon intensity metrics used in Scope 2 accounting and LCA.

👥 読者別の含意

🔬研究者:電力需要と経済成長のデカップリングや炭素強度指標の動的評価に関する研究ギャップを把握できる。

🏢実務担当者:Scope 2算定やLCAで用いる電力排出係数の経年変化を理解する参考になる。

🏛政策担当者:再エネ拡大とエネルギー強度改善が排出見通しに与える影響を俯瞰できる。

📄 Abstract（原文）

The United States electricity sector is undergoing a rapid transition driven by the expansion of renewable energy technologies and long-term improvements in energy efficiency. Understanding how these shifts affect electricity generation patterns and energy intensity is essential for evaluating future emissions and sustainability outcomes. This paper presents a focused narrative review of recent literature on trends in US electricity generation, with particular attention to renewable energy expansion and changes in electricity energy intensity. Drawing on approximately 25 peer-reviewed studies and key institutional reports, the review synthesizes evidence on historical generation trends, drivers of renewable penetration, and evolving electricity intensity metrics across economic and residential contexts. The findings indicate a sustained decline in coal-based generation, accelerated growth in wind and solar capacity, and a gradual decoupling of electricity demand from economic growth. The review also identifies how these transitions affect carbon intensity assessments and sustainability-oriented analyses, particularly in applications such as building energy modeling and life-cycle assessment. By organizing recent findings into a concise thematic framework, this paper clarifies current understanding of US electricity system transitions and highlights research gaps related to prospective and dynamic sustainability assessment.

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