Bali’s energy paradiplomacy: Subnational quest for net zero emissions by 2045
バリのエネルギーパラディプロマシー：2045年までのネットゼロ排出を目指す地方政府の取り組み (AI 翻訳)
Karunya Saka Listianto, Sri Issundari
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
本論文は、バリ州がパラディプロマシー（地方政府の国際関与）を通じて2045年までのエネルギー部門のネットゼロ排出目標を推進する方法を検討する。規制枠組み、国際パートナーシップ、主要プロジェクトを分析し、G20サミットが「パラディプロマシー倍増効果」を生み出したことを示す。しかし、再生可能エネルギーの導入は1.48%に留まり、実施ギャップが大きい。
English
This paper examines how Bali Province leverages paradiplomacy to advance its Net Zero Emissions 2045 target in the energy sector. Through qualitative analysis, it identifies a sophisticated policy framework, international partnerships (including Japanese city-to-city cooperation), and a G20-induced 'paradiplomacy multiplier effect'. However, renewable energy accounts for only 1.48% of electricity, highlighting a significant implementation gap.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
日本では、自治体による国際的な気候変動協力が進んでいるが、バリ州のような「パラディプロマシー倍増効果」の概念は、日本の地方自治体が国際イベントを活用してエネルギー移行を加速する際の参考になる。また、日系企業のバリでの再生可能エネルギー投資の機会を示唆する。
In the global GX context
This paper contributes to global discourse on subnational climate action by introducing 'event-driven paradiplomacy multiplier effects'. It shows how a major international event (G20) amplified provincial energy transition commitments, a dynamic relevant for regions hosting similar summits. The case also highlights challenges in translating international finance into local renewable deployment.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:Extends paradiplomacy theory into renewable energy governance, proposing the concept of event-driven multiplier effects.
🏢実務担当者:Provides insights for sustainability teams in companies operating in Bali or engaging with subnational governments on energy projects.
🏛政策担当者:Offers a model for subnational governments seeking to leverage international partnerships and major events to advance net-zero targets.
📄 Abstract（原文）
This paper examines how Bali Province leverages paradiplomacy, the international engagement of subnational governments, to advance its Net Zero Emissions (NZE) 2045 target in the energy sector. Through qualitative document-based analysis of official regulations, strategic roadmaps, bilateral memoranda, and secondary sources, this study identifies the regulatory architecture, international partnership channels, and flagship projects that constitute Bali’s energy paradiplomacy. Findings reveal that Bali has constructed a sophisticated policy framework comprising governor regulations, regional legislation, and a technically detailed electricity roadmap requiring over $44 billion in investment. The province engages international actors through multilateral development finance (ADB, AIIB, and World Bank); European bilateral partnerships (KfW, AFD, EU, and UK); Japanese city-to-city cooperation; US technical assistance; and philanthropic coalitions. The 2022 G20 Summit catalyzed a “paradiplomacy multiplier effect,” generating national-level commitments, including the $20 billion JETP that feeds back into provincial programs. However, a significant implementation gap persists: renewable energy contributes just 1.48% of Bali’s electricity against a 2025 target of 11.15%, constrained by grid fragility, land scarcity, legacy fossil fuel contracts, and centralized utility governance. This paper contributes to international relations scholarship by extending paradiplomacy theory into subnational renewable energy governance and proposing the concept of event-driven paradiplomacy multiplier effects.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- crossref https://doi.org/10.24112/jaes.100004first seen 2026-07-23 06:31:18
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