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モジュール建築と気候変動緩和：プレハブ住宅システムのライフサイクル炭素影響

Modular Construction and Climate Change Mitigation: Lifecycle Carbon Impacts of Prefabricated Housing Systems (原題)

B. Moral, W. Idakwoji

Global Decarbonisation📚 査読済 / ジャーナル2026-08-21#エネルギー転換Origin: Global経営インパクト: コスト削減対象セクター: construction
DOI: 10.65582/gd.2026.009
原典: https://globaldecarbonisation.com/index.php/gd/article/download/1205/1911
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🤖 gxceed AI 要約

日本語

本論文は、プレハブ住宅のライフサイクル炭素性能に関する57件の研究を系統的にレビューし、従来工法と比較して建設段階の体化炭素を10〜45%削減できることを示した。木材利用や高いプレハブ率、短い輸送距離が効果的であり、モジュール再利用で初期体化炭素の最大30%を回収可能。地域の電力ミックスやLCA前提によるばらつきを踏まえ、炭素・文脈整合フレームワーク（CCAF）を提案し、政策・設計への診断ツールとしての活用を示す。

English

This systematic review of 57 studies on prefabricated housing lifecycle carbon shows 10-45% embodied carbon savings in construction, with timber, high prefabrication, and short transport distances most effective; module reuse recovers up to 30% of initial embodied carbon. Variability due to regional electricity mixes and LCA assumptions is addressed via the Carbon-Context Alignment Framework (CCAF), a diagnostic tool for policymakers and designers to optimize climate benefits across income settings.

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters

日本のGX文脈において

日本の建設業界は2025年度までに温室効果ガス排出量を2013年度比で35%削減する目標があり、住宅分野の脱炭素が急務。本論文のCCAFは、日本の電力ミックスや木材調達、住宅政策に合わせたプレハブ住宅の最適設計に示唆を与え、SSBJやカーボンニュートラル政策への対応に貢献する。

In the global GX context

Globally, the construction sector's 38% emissions share makes lifecycle carbon reduction critical for meeting Paris targets. This paper's CCAF framework offers a structured approach for aligning prefabrication strategies with local grid carbon factors and policy contexts, relevant for ISSB-aligned disclosure and transition finance decisions in real estate and construction.

👥 読者別の含意

🔬研究者:Provides a systematic evidence base and a novel framework (CCAF) for contextualizing prefabrication's climate benefits, useful for further LCA research.

🏢実務担当者:Offers actionable insights on design choices (timber, prefabrication rate, transport) to reduce embodied carbon and meet disclosure requirements.

🏛政策担当者:Highlights the importance of grid decarbonization and policy alignment to maximize prefabrication's mitigation potential, informing building codes and incentives.

📄 Abstract（原文）

The construction sector accounts for approximately 38% of global energy-related carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions, yet evidence on whether modular and prefabricated housing genuinely reduces whole-life carbon remains fragmented and context-specific. This paper systematically synthesises 57 Scopus-indexed studies (2012–2026) on the lifecycle carbon performance of prefabricated residential buildings, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidance. Across the evidence base, prefabricated systems reduced construction-phase embodied carbon by 10–45% relative to conventional alternatives, with the largest savings associated with timber-based systems, high prefabrication rates, and short transport distances; module reuse at end-of-life recovered up to 30% of initial embodied carbon, and design for disassembly avoided up to 20% of demolition-phase emissions. Reported reductions, however, varied substantially with regional electricity mixes, system boundaries, and lifecycle assessment (LCA) assumptions. The paper's principal novelty is the Carbon–Context Alignment Framework (CCAF), an inductively derived conceptual model proposing that the climate efficacy of prefabrication is determined by the simultaneous alignment of four contextual dimensions: material carbon intensity, grid carbon factor, policy and regulatory environment, and social housing scale. An illustrative application demonstrates how the CCAF can be operationalised as a diagnostic tool for policymakers, developers, and designers seeking to configure prefabricated housing programmes for maximum climate mitigation benefit across low-, middle-, and high-income settings.

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