ギャップを埋める：パキスタンの気候変動法制度における実施課題
Bridging the Gap: Implementation Challenges in Pakistan's Climate Change Legal Regime (原題)
Sonia Aslam, Muhammad Ateeq Ashraf, Muhammad Raees Ashraf
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
パキスタンの気候変動法制度の実施ギャップを、憲法構造、法執行、制度能力、政治的意志の4要因から分析。2022年洪水の被害を背景に、炭素予算や気候正義の統合など改革課題を提示。比較法的視点からインド、英国、米国、オランダの教訓を検討。
English
This article critically analyzes Pakistan's climate change legal regime, identifying four interlinked implementation failures: constitutional fragmentation, lack of enforceability, weak institutional capacity, and political will. It compares with India, UK, US, and Netherlands, proposing reforms like carbon budgeting and integrating climate justice into the constitution.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
日本では気候変動法制の執行・監視メカニズムや連邦・州の役割分担が参考になる。特に、炭素予算の法制化や司法の関与は、日本の気候政策の枠組み設計に示唆を与える。
In the global GX context
This paper contributes to global scholarship on climate legislation implementation gaps, offering comparative insights on institutional design and carbon budgeting that are relevant for countries developing or refining climate laws, including those aligning with the Paris Agreement.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:Provides a comparative framework for analyzing climate law implementation gaps, useful for scholars studying policy effectiveness.
🏢実務担当者:Limited direct application for corporate sustainability teams, but offers insights into regulatory risks in Pakistan.
🏛政策担当者:Highlights the importance of enforceability, institutional capacity, and carbon budgeting in climate legislation, relevant for policymakers designing or reforming climate laws.
📄 Abstract（原文）
The country is also among the most climate-vulnerable nations in the world, and emits less than one per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions. The catastrophic floods of 2022, which impacted approximately 33 million people in Pakistan and resulted in losses of more than USD 30 billion, highlighted the vast disparity between Pakistan's climate legislations and action on the ground. The present article critically analyzes the legal approach to climate change in Pakistan, from the Pakistan Environmental Protection Act 1997 to the National Climate Change Policy 2012, the Framework of Implementation of Climate Change Policy 2014–2030, and Pakistan Climate Change Act 2017, along with the paradigm changing judicial interventions in Shehla Zia v WAPDA, Leghari v Federation of Pakistan and D.G. Khan Cement Company Ltd v Government of Punjab. Using a comparative and doctrinal approach, the article places Pakistan under the lens of India, the United Kingdom, the United States and the Netherlands, to look for some lessons regarding institutional design, carbon budgeting and rights-based adjudication. The analysis shows that the central implementation gap in Pakistan is due to four interlinked failures in the constitution: constitutional fragmentation and federalization after the 18th Amendment, lack of enforceability, penal and monitoring aspects in the 2017 Act, weak institutional capacity and the lack of political will to ensure compliance of the judiciary. Finally, there is a repositioning of the Pakistan Climate Change Authority and Fund in action, harmonization of federal-provincial mandates, enforceability of a UK-style carbon budgeting and the integration of climate justice into the Pakistani Constitution as key aims of the reform agenda.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- openalex https://doi.org/10.54938/ijemdss.2026.05.3.734first seen 2026-09-07 04:36:46
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