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Water Footprint of Waste-to-Hydrogen Production in the GCC: A Comparative Pathway Analysis and Governance Framework

GCCにおける廃棄物由来水素製造の水フットプリント：比較経路分析とガバナンスフレームワーク (AI 翻訳)

S. Zein

Water📚 査読済 / ジャーナル2026-05-29#水素Origin: Global経営インパクト: コスト削減対象セクター: energy
DOI: 10.3390/w18111320
原典: https://doi.org/10.3390/w18111320

🤖 gxceed AI 要約

日本語

本論文は、GCC諸国における水素製造経路（グレー、ブルー、グリーン、廃棄物由来）の水消費量をISO14046に基づき比較した初の体系的研究である。グリーン水素は脱塩による水とエネルギーの複合負荷が大きく、廃棄物由来水素は水消費が少なく、処理水代替が可能であることを示した。また、水素戦略に水安全保障を統合するための4つの政策柱からなる水・水素ガバナンスフレームワークを提案した。

English

This paper presents the first systematic comparative analysis of water consumption across grey, blue, green, and waste-to-hydrogen production pathways in the GCC using the ISO 14046 water footprint framework. It finds that green hydrogen incurs a compounded water–energy burden due to desalination, while waste-to-hydrogen gasification has modest water demands and high potential for treated wastewater substitution. The paper proposes a Water–Hydrogen Governance Framework with four policy pillars: water efficiency standards, water allocation policy, integrated water–energy planning, and regional coordination, aligned with SDGs 6, 7, 13, and 17.

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters

日本のGX文脈において

アラブ首長国連邦やサウジアラビアなどGCC諸国は日本と同様に水素戦略を推進しているが、水資源制約への配慮が不十分である。本論文の水フットプリント評価手法とガバナンスフレームワークは、日本の水素政策にも応用可能であり、特に水素製造における水とエネルギーの連関を考慮する必要性を示唆する。

In the global GX context

While most hydrogen transition research focuses on cost and emissions, this paper uniquely highlights water scarcity as a critical constraint in arid regions. For global readers, the proposed governance framework offers a replicable model for integrating water security into national hydrogen strategies, especially relevant for economies in the Middle East, Australia, and parts of Africa and Latin America.

👥 読者別の含意

🔬研究者:Provides a replicable methodology for water footprint assessment of hydrogen pathways, applicable to other water-scarce regions.

🏢実務担当者:Hydrogen project developers should account for the water consumption and desalination energy penalty, especially for green hydrogen in arid areas.

🏛政策担当者:Offers a structured governance framework to integrate water security into hydrogen strategy, aligning energy transition with SDGs.

📄 Abstract（原文）

Waste-to-hydrogen (W2H) technology is gaining recognition as a viable pathway for simultaneous waste valorisation and clean energy production in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). However, the water resource implications of hydrogen production pathways in this acutely water-scarce region have received insufficient analytical attention. This paper presents the first systematic comparative analysis of water consumption across grey, blue, green, and waste-to-hydrogen production pathways calibrated to the GCC context, using the ISO 14046 water footprint framework and accounting for the desalination penalty that arises when hydrogen facilities draw on energy-intensive desalinated water. The analysis shows that green hydrogen, widely promoted in GCC national hydrogen strategies, incurs a compound water–energy burden substantially greater than global benchmark figures suggest, with electrolysis requiring 9 to 18 litres of water per kilogram of hydrogen and desalination accounting for 4 to 20 per cent of GCC electricity consumption. In contrast, W2H gasification exhibits considerably more modest water demands at 10 litres per kilogram of hydrogen, with high potential for treated wastewater substitution and co-location with municipal waste infrastructure, positioning it as the most water-compatible near-term hydrogen production pathway for arid GCC economies. Drawing on the water–energy nexus and water governance literature, the paper proposes a Water–Hydrogen Governance Framework comprising four policy pillars: water efficiency standards for hydrogen production facilities, water allocation policy for industrial hydrogen projects, integrated water–energy planning at the national level, and regional GCC coordination on water–hydrogen governance. The framework is aligned with SDGs 6, 7, 13, and 17 and provides a structured and practical tool for GCC governments and development institutions seeking to integrate water security into hydrogen strategy. The findings contribute to the emerging literature on resource-constrained hydrogen deployment and offer a replicable governance model for other arid economies pursuing clean hydrogen transitions.

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