Why Are Economists So Keen to Put a Price on Carbon? An Accessible Introduction to Economic Reasoning on Climate Policy
なぜ経済学者は炭素に価格をつけたがるのか？気候政策に関する経済的思考へのわかりやすい入門 (AI 翻訳)
Jean-Marie Grether, Marion Monney
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
この論文は、炭素税や排出権取引などの炭素価格付けの経済学的根拠を非専門家向けに解説する。市場の失敗としての気候変動を捉え、価格メカニズムによる是正を提案する。特に炭素税とキャップ・アンド・トレードの2つの政策手段に焦点を当て、その進捗と課題を紹介する。
English
This paper provides an accessible introduction to the economic rationale for carbon pricing, including carbon taxes and cap-and-trade systems. It explains how climate change is a market failure due to the absence of a price on emissions, and how economic instruments can reorient market forces. The paper reviews recent progress and challenges in implementing these policies.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
日本では2023年にGX推進法が成立し、炭素排出量取引と有償オークションの導入が進んでいる。本論文は炭素価格付けの基本概念を整理しており、日本の政策担当者や実務者が制度設計を考える上での基礎文献として有用。世界共通の経済理論を扱っているため、日本の読者にも直接応用可能。
In the global GX context
As carbon pricing gains global momentum with the EU ETS and China's national ETS, this paper offers a clear, non-technical entry point for understanding the economic logic behind these policies. It succinctly summarizes the rationale for carbon taxes and cap-and-trade, which are central to many national climate strategies including the US Inflation Reduction Act and the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:Provides a clear conceptual foundation for researchers entering the carbon pricing field or teaching climate economics.
🏢実務担当者:Helps corporate sustainability teams understand the economic rationale behind carbon pricing policies affecting their operations and compliance.
🏛政策担当者:Essential reading for policymakers to grasp the economic foundations of carbon pricing and evaluate design choices for tax or cap-and-trade systems.
📄 Abstract（原文）
The true contribution of economics to climate policy is marred by many misconceptions. This paper aims to help non-experts better understand economic insights by progressively introducing key concepts. We start with perfectly functioning markets, where prices act as powerful guides to channel scarce resources toward their best use from a social point of view. We then recognize that, in many real cases, markets fail to deliver their promise because prices are either absent or do not reflect social values. Anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions constitute a particularly acute type of market failure affecting both the whole world and future generations. The fundamental source of this failure is the absence of a price on emissions, and economic research has followed two major routes. On the one hand, economists run complex simulation models to estimate the missing price, which can be used as a social yardstick to guide policy choices. On the other hand, they evaluate policy instruments able to reorient market forces toward more climate protection. Two instruments with a strong potential to influence behavior deserve particular attention: the carbon tax and cap-and-trade (or emissions trading) systems. Despite practical complications and the lack of international coordination, both policies have recently made encouraging progress.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- semanticscholar https://doi.org/10.3390/su18010482first seen 2026-05-15 17:21:41
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