組織構造・環境正義・米国電力部門におけるグリーン移行の地理
Organizational Structure, Environmental Justice, and the Geography of the Green Transition in the U.S. Power Sector (原題)
Peter Suechting
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
米国電力部門を対象に、排出規制設備の導入・運用・立地を誰が担うかを連邦データで分析した学位論文。規制事業者や協同組合は市場規律に晒される事業者よりNOx排出が多く、2021年には非白人比率の高い地域のプラントが所得と独立して汚い運転をしている。石炭退役はむしろ残存 fleet を白人化させ、太陽光の便益は州間に分散し州内格差を生む。
English
A dissertation using EIA, EPA, and ACS data to ask who bears fossil generation's burden and who gains from decarbonization. Rate-regulated utilities and cooperatives emit more NOx per MWh than merchant generators, and by 2021 plants in more nonwhite communities run dirtier independent of income. Coal retirements whitened the surviving fleet, while solar benefits disperse across rather than within states.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
米国の環境正義と電力脱炭素の分配を扱う。日本では地域間・主体間の移行コスト配分やSSBJ開示における社会面の議論に示唆を与える。
In the global GX context
Adds empirical evidence on the distributional justice of power-sector decarbonization, relevant to ISSB/CSRD social-disclosure debates and just-transition framing in global climate policy.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:組織構造と環境正義の予測が設備導入ではなく運用段階で顕在化することを示す実証設計が参考になる。
🏢実務担当者:規制事業者・協同組合の運用実態と地域社会リスクが、移行計画や社会面開示の設計に示唆を与える。
🏛政策担当者:再生可能エネ導入促進・新規化石容量抑制・旧設備退役を促す規制設計の根拠として活用できる。
📄 Abstract（原文）
Who bears the burden of fossil-fuel electricity generation, and who receives the benefits of what is replacing it? This dissertation poses that distributive question at the generating facility and resolves it into three: who installs emissions control equipment; who operates it, and how cleanly; and who hosts the capacity a decarbonizing fleet builds and retires. Three analyses answer them with federal data: generator censuses and fuel records from Energy Information Administration (EIA) Forms 860 and 923; emissions from the Environmental Protection Agency’s Emissions & Generation Resource Integrated Database (eGRID) and Clean Air Markets Program (CAMD) monitors; and community demographics from the American Community Survey (ACS). The first two analyses observe coal- and gas-fired plants of at least 25 megawatts at three snapshots (2009, 2018, and 2021) spanning three regulatory regimes, 4,818 plant-years in all; the third follows the full fleet, renewables included, annually from 2010 through 2023, 13,063 plants and 112,782 plant-years. Both traditions the design draws on, organizational political economy and environmental justice, predicted disparities in who installs control. Neither prediction holds; both reappear downstream, in how plants run once equipped. Rate-regulated utilities and cooperatives emit more nitrogen oxides (NOx) per unit of electricity than merchant generators exposed to market discipline, a penalty that survives accounting for the equipment carried. By 2021, plants in more nonwhite communities likewise run measurably dirtier, independent of income and poverty. The burden is thus concentrating on the more nonwhite communities beside the aging urban plants that rising demand keeps in service, while the buildout’s benefits land in whiter states, as solar disperses between states rather than within them. Coal’s retirements, against expectation, have whitened its surviving fleet: the plants that closed sat in more nonwhite communities than those that remain. Organizational structure and community demographics leave their mark downstream of the decision to install, in how equipment already installed is run, and fleet turnover is what redistributes the burden. Encouraging the transition therefore requires regulation that encourages the entry of renewables, discourages the entry of new fossil capacity, and encourages the retirement of old.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- openalex https://hdl.handle.net/1794/33773first seen 2026-11-10 04:41:59 · last seen 2026-11-13 04:52:53
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