グリーン水素の持続可能性と環境影響
The Sustainability and Environmental Impacts of Green Hydrogen (原題)
Umesh Kumar, Abhinav Sahay, Jay Prakash Vishwakarma, Puneet Yadav, Manoj Kumar Kundan Kumar, Ravi Shankar Yadav, Vivek Kumar Singh
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
グリーン水素をライフサイクル・システム全体の視点から批判的に評価したレビュー。再生可能電力供給、電解装置製造、水使用、インフラ・輸送、最終利用までの環境影響をLCA文献から整理する。化石燃料由来水素よりGHGは大幅に低いものの、システム効率・素材使用・地域資源制約が影響を左右すると指摘。水ストレス地域の淡水需要、重要原料依存、土地利用、圧縮・液化・アンモニア変換のエネルギーコストをホットスポットとして挙げ、狭義の「グリーン」基準が不適切な導入を招く懸念と厳格なライフサイクル閾値・統合ガバナンスの必要性を論じる。
English
A critical review of green hydrogen's sustainability credentials from whole-lifecycle and systems perspectives. Drawing on recent LCA literature, it traces environmental impacts across the value chain—renewable electricity, electrolyser manufacturing, water use, infrastructure, storage, transport, and end-use. While green hydrogen can cut GHG emissions sharply versus fossil-derived hydrogen, overall system efficiency, material intensity, and regional resource constraints shape its true impact. Emerging hotspots include freshwater demand in water-stressed regions, critical raw material reliance, land-use effects of large-scale renewables, and energy costs of compression, liquefaction, and carrier conversion. The authors warn that narrow 'green' criteria may incentivize poor deployment and call for strict lifecycle thresholds and integrated sustainability governance.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
日本は水素基本戦略・GX推進法の下で大規模水素導入を掲げるが、本稿は淡水・重要鉱物・土地利用の制約と厳格なライフサイクル基準の必要性を提示し、国内の水素調達・サプライチェーン設計やSSBJ開示での環境影響評価に示唆を与える。
In the global GX context
As ISSB/CSRD and EU taxonomy rules tighten 'green' definitions for hydrogen, this chapter argues lifecycle thresholds and integrated governance are essential—directly relevant to global transition-finance eligibility and disclosure of hydrogen projects.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:グリーン水素のLCAホットスポットと評価手法の限界を整理する際の参照枠になる。
🏢実務担当者:水素調達・設備投資の際に、淡水・素材・変換ロスを含むライフサイクル影響を事前評価する視点を提供する。
🏛政策担当者:狭義の『グリーン』基準が不適切な導入を招くリスクを踏まえ、厳格なライフサイクル閾値と統合ガバナンス設計を検討すべき。
📄 Abstract（原文）
Despite limited examination of its environmental credentials, green hydrogen is being hailed as a key component of global decarbonization plans. This chapter offers an overview and critical evaluation of green hydrogen as a sustainability solution when considered from whole lifecycle and systems perspectives. The chapter contends that green hydrogen must be regarded as a contingent, situation-specific alternative and not necessarily an intrinsically sustainable energy carrier. This study reviews recent life cycle assessment (LCA) literature to consider potential environmental impacts throughout the value chain, from renewable electricity supply and electrolyser manufacture, through water use, infrastructure deployment, storage and transport, to end-use pathways. The chapter demonstrates that while green hydrogen can undoubtedly have significantly lower greenhouse gas emissions than hydrogen derived from fossil fuels, the system’s overall efficiency, inherent material use, and regional resource constraints all significantly influence the system’s environmental impact. Emerging environmental hotspots are given particular attention, including the need for freshwater in water-stressed areas, reliance on essential raw materials, the effects of large-scale renewable energy deployment on land use, and energy costs associated with hydrogen compression, liquefaction, and conversion to carriers (such as ammonia). The report emphasizes that in addition to climate change, several environmental effect categories, including resource depletion, human toxicity, and ecosystem stressors, need to be taken into consideration. The chapter also discusses governance and policy issues, warning that environmentally poor deployment may be encouraged by narrowly defined “green” hydrogen requirements. In accordance with the research, green hydrogen can only be effective for sustainable energy transitions when combined with integrated sustainability governance frameworks, strategic sectoral goals, and strict lifecycle thresholds.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- openalex https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003714200-8first seen 2026-11-15 04:52:27
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