Comparative Greenhouse Gas Emission Characteristics and Coupled Pollution-carbon Reduction Mechanisms of Fenton Oxidation and Molecular Capture Technology in Advanced Tannery Wastewater Treatment

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🔬研究者:排水処理技術間の直接GHGフラックスを実測比較する手法が、汚染-炭素カップリング研究のベンチマークになる。

🏢実務担当者:排水高度処理の選定で、薬品・スラッジ由来の間接排出も含めた炭素削減効果を比較検討する材料になる。

🏛政策担当者:産業排水処理の排出原単位を規制・インセンティブ設計に反映する際の基礎データとして参考になる。

ObjectiveCompliant discharge and the reuse of tannery wastewater secondary effluent rely heavily on advanced treatment processes. Under the deepening influence of global dual carbon strategies, the advanced treatment of tannery wastewater must satisfy increasingly stringent water quality standards while rigorously controlling its broader environmental footprint. Most contemporary research efforts concentrate almost exclusively on the removal efficiency of pollutants. These studies lack a systematic evaluation of the hidden greenhouse gas emissions and secondary environmental risks inherent to the treatment processes. Therefore, elucidating the complex coupling mechanisms between pollutant degradation and greenhouse gas release across different advanced treatment technologies holds profound significance. Such insights are essential for scientifically assessing carbon mitigation efficacy and achieving the synergistic enhancement of pollution reduction and carbon abatement in water treatment operations. MethodsThis study utilized actual secondary clarifier effluent from a tannery facility as the primary experimental subject. The classic Fenton oxidation process was selected as the traditional technological baseline to facilitate a systematic comparison with emerging molecular capture technology. This research meticulously evaluated the removal efficiencies of chemical oxygen demand (CODCr), total nitrogen (TN), and various structural forms of inorganic nitrogen under multiple reaction conditions. Furthermore, the methodology incorporated the continuous real-time monitoring of emission fluxes for carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) strictly at the water and gas interface. This comprehensive design enabled a robust assessment of both the overall decontamination capabilities and the precise greenhouse gas emission profiles characterizing the two distinct treatment methodologies. ResultsThe findings demonstrate that molecular capture technology delivered low carbon decontamination performance vastly superior to the traditional Fenton framework. The Fenton process exhibited limited pollutant removal capabilities that were consistently accompanied by substantially elevated direct emissions of greenhouse gases. While degrading organic matter, the Fenton system was heavily compromised by the synergistic effects of physical inorganic carbon stripping under highly acidic conditions at a pH of 3.0 combined with extensive organic mineralization. These concurrent mechanisms culminated in massive carbon dioxide emissions, with fluxes reaching a maximum of 315.68 g·m−2·d−1. Furthermore, specific iron dosages within the Fenton matrix readily induced chemical denitrification reactions, generating a severe risk of nitrous oxide dissipation. The reliance on energy intensive reagents and the generation of voluminous chemical sludge further exacerbated the indirect carbon footprint. Conversely, molecular capture technology achieved a highly effective integration of advanced decontamination and absolute carbon reduction. By leveraging the physical principles of electrical neutralization and coagulative sweeping, this approach secured a chemical oxygen demand (CODCr) removal rate of 67.2 percent while entirely preventing the conversion of dissolved carbon and nitrogen pollutants into volatile greenhouse gases. Compared to the Fenton process, the carbon dioxide release flux from molecular capture plummeted by more than 90 percent. Emissions stabilized consistently below 20 g·m−2·d−1 while achieving virtually zero emissions for both methane and nitrous oxide. Substituting chemical oxidation with physicochemical separation significantly decreased direct emissions and mitigated indirect environmental burdens by avoiding excessive acid and alkali consumption. ConclusionCompared to conventional Fenton oxidation, molecular capture technology consistently secures superior effluent quality while actively obstructing the detrimental gas phase transfer of carbon and nitrogen pollutants. By significantly diminishing direct greenhouse gas emissions and lowering indirect resource consumption, molecular capture emerges as the optimal and most scientifically robust technological pathway for driving the green and low carbon transformation of advanced tannery wastewater treatment systems.

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