Mangrove restoration advancing green–blue economy transition through employment creation, financing pathways, and sustainability outcomes

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

🔬研究者:Provides a comprehensive synthesis of socio-economic outcomes of mangrove restoration and introduces the 3-C model for integrating labor, governance, and finance.

🏢実務担当者:Offers insights on designing restoration projects that balance ecological goals with job stability and inclusive financing, useful for NGOs or project developers.

🏛政策担当者:Informs policy design for blue carbon projects by emphasizing the need for sustained funding and gender equity in leadership.

Mangrove restoration is frequently advocated as a nature-based approach for climate mitigation, coastal defense, and sustainable development; however, its economic and social impacts- especially in terms of job quality, stability, and equity- are still not adequately compiled. This systematic review examines the relationships among job intensity and duration, gender involvement, funding mechanisms, benefit-sharing models, and environmental outcomes in the development of the green–blue economy. In accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines, 31 peer-reviewed research articles and institutional reports from 2000 to 2024 were examined. The findings show that mangrove restoration creates significant short-term jobs during planting phases. However, long-term job opportunities decline significantly without ongoing financial support. Models of hybrid finance that combine public funding, carbon markets, and ecosystem-service revenues lead to increased job stability and enhanced local economic advantages. Carbon sequestration typically ranges from 6 to 8 tCO₂e per hectare annually, but it is inconsistent and is frequently restricted. Women are primarily involved in nurseries and oversight, yet remain significantly underrepresented in leadership positions. To integrate these findings, the review introduces the innovative 3-C Model: Capability, Commons, and Capital as a conceptual framework linking skills and decent work, tenure and governance, and hybrid financing to equitable and lasting green–blue job outcomes. In conclusion, mangrove restoration can function as a multidimensional economic strategy only when ecological objectives are explicitly aligned with labor quality, inclusive governance, and sustainable finance. Embedding these principles into restoration design is essential for transforming short-term conservation employment into durable, inclusive green–blue economies.

• openalex https://doi.org/10.1007/s11084-026-09745-5first seen 2026-07-22 04:55:28
• semanticscholar https://doi.org/10.1007/s11084-026-09745-5first seen 2026-07-22 05:52:09