低炭素強度水素産業を促進するための世界各国政府政策の検討 - 何を学べるか

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

🔬研究者:各国水素政策の比較評価手法と政策指標の枠組みを参考にできる。

🏢実務担当者:水素事業の投資判断や政府インセンティブ活用戦略の国際比較に役立つ。

🏛政策担当者:技術非依存型の税額控除や許認可迅速化など、水素産業育成の政策設計に示唆を与える。

Abstract The worldwide effort to pursue new sources of energy to reduce emissions and decarbonize our existing systems has come under intense scrutiny in recent years. Hydrogen production has widely been seen as a potential pathway to reduce emissions, gain energy independence and diversify energy supply. Much of the current effort has been around constructing government policy to encourage and incubate the hydrogen industry, with a view that increased production should reduce unit cost and overcome technological hurdles. The aim of this research was to examine the strategies of various key countries and states around the world to extract learnings to better inform future policy decisions in western liberal democracies, particularly in Australia. This paper examines the dynamics of global government policies with respect to incentivizing low-carbon intensity (LCI) hydrogen production and usage. Key country hydrogen strategies were examined for the United States of America (USA), France, Spain, Germany, United Kingdom (UK), Singapore, Japan, China, and Brazil. These were considered alongside the policies of Australia, and Western Australia in particular. Examinations were conducted focusing on a series of policy metrics and a scoring key was used to summarize the relative strength of each country's hydrogen strategy. Using these preliminary study outcomes, a subset of countries was chosen for further detailed study in the second stage of the project: USA (specifically California and Texas), France, and Spain. This was based upon the significant amount of recent activity, comparable political ideologies of these entities to Australia, and their inclination towards building a large-scale hydrogen export industry within their given regions. It was found that Australia's hydrogen policies center on renewable (green) hydrogen, providing limited incentives for other potentially promising LCI hydrogen solutions, which may act as a technological bridge to future green hydrogen solutions. France and Spain hydrogen strategies were mainly dictated by European Union (EU) governance structures, resulting in mandated directives that use EU pooled funds to select high graded projects to fund or subsidize. The hydrogen policies of the USA are heavily influenced by the Federal Government Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) legislation that has as its centerpiece the 45V Hydrogen Production Tax Credit. This tax credit system is one of the key learnings from this project and is well suited to the style of government incentive systems employed in Australia. Importantly, it is also technology agnostic, incentivizing the development of any low-carbon intensity (LCI) hydrogen generation method. Currently, Australia's strategy is heavily weighted towards green hydrogen development but would benefit from a more technology agnostic approach. The application of the 45V-style production tax credit in Australia could also be politically robust as it can support not only renewables-centered LCI hydrogen production, but also any future scenario that may include nuclear energy by utilizing otherwise curtailed nuclear electricity to produce hydrogen for storage. Other recommendations include government-supported infrastructure projects that can enable LCI hydrogen projects, expedited permitting, provision for national interest project status, and strong technological alliances and collaboration with those countries at the forefront of LCI hydrogen development.

• openalex https://doi.org/10.2118/234359-msfirst seen 2026-10-13 04:38:48