インド・ガンジス平原の水稲–小麦作付体系における長期有機窒素管理のエネルギー収支・カーボンフットプリント・多基準持続可能性評価

Energy Budgeting, Carbon Footprint and Multi-Criterion Sustainability Assessment of Long-Term Organic Nitrogen Management in a Rice–Wheat Cropping System of the Indo-Gangetic Plains (原題)

Manisha Verma, Renu Singh, Yashbir Singh Shivay, Pramod Kumar Sahu, Prashant Srivastava

Nitrogen📚 査読済 / ジャーナル2026-10-22#炭素会計経営インパクト: 調達リスク対象セクター: agriculture

DOI: 10.3390/nitrogen7040124

原典: https://doi.org/10.3390/nitrogen7040124

🤖 gxceed AI 要約

日本語

インド・ガンジス平原の水稲–小麦体系で2002年から継続する有機窒素施用試験を、エネルギー・GHG・経済の三面で評価した。有機資材は収量を20–50%、有機炭素を53–77%高める一方、エネルギー投入を最大4.3倍に増やしエネルギー効率は16.4から5.3–9.0へ低下。緑肥＋バイオ肥料（T4）は炭素フットプリント0.31 kg CO2-eq/kg、費用便益比10.6でTOPSIS首位となり、生産性・効率・GHG原単位・収益性の最良の妥協点と結論づけた。

English

A 2002-established fixed-plot trial in the Indo-Gangetic Plains compared six organic nitrogen treatments for rice–wheat across energy, GHG and economic criteria. Organic inputs raised rice-equivalent yield 20–50% and soil organic carbon 53–77% but increased energy input up to 4.3-fold, cutting energy-use efficiency from 16.4 to 5.3–9.0. Green manure plus biofertilizer (T4) gave the lowest amended-treatment carbon footprint (0.31 kg CO2-eq/kg grain) and highest benefit–cost ratio (10.6), ranking first in TOPSIS; FYM systems maximized yield and soil carbon at higher energy and cost.

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters

日本のGX文脈において

日本ではScope 3 カテゴリ1（農産物調達）や食品企業のサプライチェーン排出把握に関わる知見。ただしインド固有の試験条件であり、国内開示制度への直接接続は限定的。

In the global GX context

Adds field-level evidence on the energy–yield–GHG trade-off in organic nutrient management, relevant to Scope 3 Category 1 agricultural accounting and to GHG-intensity benchmarking in food supply chains under CSRD/ISSB disclosure.

👥 読者別の含意

🔬研究者:有機資材の投入がエネルギー効率とGHG原単位を相反させるトレードオフを、多基準手法で定量化した実証例として参照できる。

🏢実務担当者:農産物調達を持つ食品・小売企業が、Scope 3 カテゴリ1の排出原単位と調達コストのトレードオフを検討する際の参考になる。

🏛政策担当者:有機農業推進策がエネルギー投入増と費用増を伴う点を、補助設計やFYM価格政策で考慮すべきことを示唆する。

📄 Abstract（原文）

Organic nitrogen sources have been widely adopted for rice–wheat cropping systems (RWCSs) of the Indo-Gangetic Plains, but their combined energy, greenhouse-gas and economic performance is rarely assessed. In a fixed-plot experiment at the ICAR Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, in which the same treatments have been applied since 2002, we compared six organic nitrogen treatments, from an unfertilized control (T1) to green manure plus farmyard manure (FYM) plus biofertilizer (T6). Yield, energy, greenhouse-gas and economic data came from the two most recent rice–wheat cycles; soil organic carbon was measured after the final wheat harvest. Organic inputs raised rice-equivalent yield by 20–50% and total organic carbon by 53–77% relative to the control but increased energy input up to 4.3-fold, so energy-use efficiency fell from 16.4 to 5.3–9.0. The field-scale, gate-to-gate carbon footprint (yield-scaled N2O, CH4, and CO2 emissions) was the lowest in the control (0.27 kg CO2-eq kg−1 grain), the lowest among the amended treatments in green manure plus biofertilizer without FYM (T4; 0.31), and the highest with FYM (0.43–0.48). T4 also had the highest benefit–cost ratio (10.6), and the FYM treatments had ratios of 1.2–1.7 at the recorded FYM price, but this disadvantage depended strongly on the FYM price. A TOPSIS ranking based on five non-redundant criteria placed T4 first; T4 ranked first in 59% of random weight sets and in 89% of uncertainty simulations, with the control being its main competitor. An exploratory data envelopment analysis found no FYM-based treatment to be efficient. Nutritional output increased steadily with organic input and was the highest in T6. Under the conditions of this experiment and the criteria selected, green manure plus biofertilizer offered the most favourable compromise among productivity, efficiency, greenhouse-gas intensity and profitability, whereas FYM-based systems maximized yield and soil carbon at higher calculated energy input and cash cost.

🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース

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