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Life-Cycle Based Evaluation of Organic Waste Valorization for Low-Carbon Construction Materials in the United States

米国における低炭素建設資材のための有機廃棄物資源化のライフサイクル評価 (AI 翻訳)

Casper Uyapo Gate, Wycliff Oduor, Mariam Dauda

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)📚 査読済 / ジャーナル2026-07-02#炭素会計Origin: US経営インパクト: 調達リスク対象セクター: construction
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21132531
原典: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21132531

🤖 gxceed AI 要約

日本語

本レビューは、有機廃棄物由来材料（農業残渣SCM、バイオ炭コンクリート、下水汚泥灰、ジオポリマー等）の建設分野での利用をLCAで評価。農業残渣SCMで15-35%、バイオ炭コンクリートで10-30%、下水汚泥灰で10-25%、ジオポリマーは-20%～+50%の炭素削減効果を示す。直接材料代替が廃棄物発電より効果的だが、方法論の不一致が課題。

English

This narrative review evaluates life-cycle assessment (LCA) of organic waste valorization for low-carbon construction materials. Reported embodied carbon reductions vary: agricultural ash SCMs 15–35%, biochar concrete 10–30%, sewage sludge ash 10–25%, and geopolymers range from –20% to +50%. Direct material substitution provides greater carbon reduction than waste-to-energy, but methodological inconsistencies limit comparability.

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters

日本のGX文脈において

米国建設業界向けのレビューだが、日本の建設業界でもセメント代替材への関心は高い。特に、日本の建設廃棄物や農業残渣の活用は、カーボンニュートラル達成に向けた重要な道筋。ただし、本論文の方法論分析は日本のLCA基準にも示唆を与える。

In the global GX context

This paper provides a comprehensive LCA review of organic waste in construction, relevant to global efforts to decarbonize building materials. It highlights the carbon reduction potential of various waste-derived alternatives, which can inform ISSB or TCFD disclosures on Scope 3 embodied carbon. However, methodological inconsistencies across studies call for standardized frameworks.

👥 読者別の含意

🔬研究者:Provides a comparative LCA review of multiple waste valorization pathways, useful for identifying methodological gaps and future research directions.

🏢実務担当者:Offers a pathway suitability framework for selecting low-carbon construction materials, aiding procurement decisions.

🏛政策担当者:Highlights regulatory alignment needed for scaling organic waste valorization in construction, relevant for policies on embodied carbon reduction.

📄 Abstract（原文）

Abstract : The construction industry is a major contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions, largely driven by the carbon-intensive production of Portland cement. At the same time, the United States generates substantial volumes of organic waste from agricultural, forestry, and municipal systems, much of which remains underutilized. Integrating life-cycle assessment (LCA) with organic waste valorization presents a promising pathway for reducing the embodied carbon of construction materials while advancing circular economy objectives.This narrative review synthesizes recent literature on the use of organic waste-derived materials in construction, including agricultural residue-based supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), biochar-enhanced concrete, sewage sludge ash (SSA), and geopolymer or alkali-activated binders. Comparative analysis is conducted using a common reference system based on conventional Portland cement concrete representative of U.S. practice. Reported reductions in embodied carbon vary across pathways: agricultural ash SCMs achieve 15–35%, biochar concrete 10–30%, SSA 10–25%, and geopolymer systems range from –20% to +50%, depending on methodological assumptions. Results indicate that direct material substitution pathways generally provide greater carbon reduction benefits than waste-to-energy alternatives. However, significant methodological inconsistencies particularly in system boundaries, functional units, and allocation methods, limit cross-study comparability.The study proposes a pathway suitability framework to guide context-specific material selection. Achieving large-scale implementation will require regulatory alignment, durability validation, and targeted infrastructure investment to fully realize the decarbonization potential of organic waste valorization in construction.

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