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Integrated Energy System in the Context of Carbon Neutrality: A Review of Typical Structures and Key Technologies

カーボンニュートラルに向けた統合エネルギーシステム：典型的な構造と主要技術に関するレビュー (AI 翻訳)

Tianjing An, Weihao Xu, Rundong Hu, Dan Gao, Chao Cheng, Yu Gao, Jiaxi Yang

Processes📚 査読済 / ジャーナル2026-05-25#エネルギー転換Origin: CN
DOI: 10.3390/pr14111711
原典: https://doi.org/10.3390/pr14111711

🤖 gxceed AI 要約

日本語

カーボンニュートラル実現の鍵として注目される統合エネルギーシステム(IES)について、発電・変換・送電・貯蔵・消費の5サブシステムに基づく構造と主要技術を系統的にレビュー。太陽光・風力・地熱などの再生利用、熱電併給による効率向上（70-90%）、多様なエネルギー貯蔵技術（リチウムイオン、フライホイール、P2Gなど）を網羅。SWOT-PESTLE分析により世界のエネルギー転換におけるIESの位置づけを議論し、標準化・デジタル化・長期貯蔵・政策調整の重要性を指摘。

English

This review systematically examines integrated energy systems (IES) as a pathway to carbon neutrality, covering a five-subsystem framework: production, conversion, transmission, storage, and consumption. It details renewable energy utilization (solar, wind, geothermal), energy cascade via CHP/CCHP raising efficiency to 70-90%, and multi-form storage (electrical, electrochemical, chemical, thermal, mechanical) including short-term and seasonal solutions. A SWOT-PESTLE analysis positions IES in the global energy transition, highlighting the need for standardization, digitalization, long-duration storage, and cross-sector policy coordination.

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters

日本のGX文脈において

日本でもエネルギーミックス多様化とレジリエンス強化の観点からIESへの関心が高まっている。特にSSBJや統合報告書でのエネルギー戦略開示において、IES技術の理解は有用。ただし、本レビューは中国発であり、日本固有の制度や市場設計には直接言及していない。

In the global GX context

This review provides a comprehensive technology roadmap for IES, relevant for TCFD/ISSB disclosures on energy transition and infrastructure resilience. The SWOT-PESTLE analysis offers strategic insights for policymakers and investors evaluating integrated energy systems in the global decarbonization context.

👥 読者別の含意

🔬研究者:This review offers a structured taxonomy of IES technologies and a SWOT-PESTLE framework, useful for identifying research gaps and benchmarking.

🏢実務担当者:Practitioners can use the technology overview to inform investment and integration decisions for multi-energy systems.

🏛政策担当者:Policymakers can leverage the SWOT-PESTLE analysis to design supportive policies for IES deployment.

📄 Abstract（原文）

Integrated energy systems (IES) are widely recognized as a key pathway toward carbon neutrality, enabling the coupling and coordinated optimization of electricity, heat, gas, and cooling. This review provides a structured, technology-oriented overview of IES based on a unified five-subsystem framework (production, conversion, transmission, storage, and consumption). It systematically covers: (1) renewable energy utilization—solar, wind, and geothermal—supported by a global spatial distribution map and representative top-performing commercial products; (2) energy cascade utilization, where combined heat and power/combined cooling, heating and power (CHP/CCHP) raises overall efficiency from approximately 35–40% to 70–90%; (3) multi-form energy storage—electrical, electrochemical, chemical, thermal, and mechanical—distinguishing short-term balancing (e.g., lithium-ion (Li-ion), flywheels, supercapacitors, with 85–95% round-trip efficiency) from long-duration and seasonal applications (e.g., pumped hydro, hydrogen/power-to-gas (P2G), redox flow batteries); and (4) forecasting, collaborative optimization, and the bidirectional integration of IES with smart grids and grid modernization. A strategic strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats–Political, Economic, Sociological, Technological, Legal, and Environmental (SWOT–PESTLE) analysis is further presented to position IES within the global energy transition. The review highlights that IES and grid innovation are mutually enabling, and that realizing the full carbon-neutrality potential of IES requires coordinated progress in standardization, digitalization, long-duration storage, and cross-sector policy alignment.

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