深部地球CO2ナノバブル強化玄武岩鉱化と還元変換による軽質アルカンと炭酸カルシウムの併産

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🔬研究者:ナノバブルが炭酸化速度論とCO2水素化経路分岐に与える影響を定量化した、CCUS材料・反応工学研究者向けの実験的基礎データを提供する。

🏢実務担当者:CO2の貯留と化学品併産を組み合わせた新規CCUS事業モデルの技術的実現可能性を検討する際の初期知見となる。

🏛政策担当者:カーボンリサイクルやネガティブエミッション技術への研究開発支援の根拠として参照可能だが、実装・コスト評価は今後の課題。

Against the backdrop of the globally accelerated carbon neutrality strategy and the growing demand for deep clean resource development, CO2 geological storage technology offers a viable pathway for carbon emission reduction. However, the pure storage model oriented toward net-zero emissions falls short of achieving in-situ efficient conversion of CO2 and faces bottlenecks such as sluggish mineralization kinetics and insufficient storage stability. Basalt, as an abundant basic igneous rock, not only enables permanent carbon sequestration through carbonation reactions with CO2, but its rich transition metal elements can also create favorable redox hydrothermal environments under high-temperature and high-pressure geological conditions. This study focuses on the synergistic effects of CO2 nanobubbles in deep geological settings, leveraging their capability to accelerate carbonation kinetics and release reactive hydrogen radicals. The objectives are to simultaneously achieve enhanced basalt dissolution, efficient in-situ CO2 sequestration, and oriented conversion toward high-value chemicals such as ethane and propane. The coupled mineralization-reduction mechanisms of the CO2 nanobubble-basalt system are systematically elucidated, and a "storage-conversion" integrated "underground refinery" technological prototype is established, aiming to provide theoretical foundations and technical support for the high-value utilization of deep carbon resources. Based on nanobubble generation equipment and the national distribution of basalt geological resources, this study conducts multi-scale geochemical experiments to systematically reveal the mineralization-conversion coupling mechanisms of CO2-basalt interactions under deep subsurface conditions. A Hastelloy high-temperature and high-pressure autoclave reactor is employed to simulate the in-situ interaction between CO2 nanobubbles and basalt under varying temperature and pressure conditions. An in-house developed in-situ online high-pressure gas chromatography (GC) system is utilized for quantitative analysis of H2 and C2–C3 hydrocarbon products, enabling accurate evaluation of CO2 mineralization-reduction conversion efficiency toward alkanes. Combined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the mineral phase transformation characteristics of basalt and the crystal morphology evolution of calcite are revealed. Through a series of orthogonal experiments, this study demonstrates that CO2 nanobubbles possess intrinsic chemical catalytic capabilities within the reaction system. Quantitative GC analysis reveals that product distribution exhibits distinct pathway bifurcation characteristics under varying temperature and pressure conditions. On one hand, the high-energy reactive hydrogen radicals (·H) released upon nanobubble collapse directly attack the carbon-oxygen double bonds of CO2, lowering the activation energy barrier for CO2 hydrogenation and driving the oriented conversion of carbon sources toward C2–C3 alkane pathways. On the other hand, this process is accompanied by in-situ generation of high-concentration syngas. Under the synergistic effects of nanobubble-enhanced mass transfer and localized acid etching, magnesium silicate minerals (such as olivine and pyroxene) in basalt undergo efficient dissolution, releasing Ca2+ ions. These ions combine with carbonate ions in the liquid phase and recrystallize at the reaction interface to form structurally stable spindle-shaped calcite. This work introduces CO2 nanobubbles into the basalt-based geological catalytic system, achieving simultaneous high-carbon-efficiency conversion toward light hydrocarbons (especially propane) and in-situ mineral carbon sequestration, providing a feasible experimental foundation and process pathway for the synergistic co-production of clean energy and high-value chemicals.

• semanticscholar https://doi.org/10.2118/234071-msfirst seen 2026-10-17 05:11:33 · last seen 2026-11-06 05:22:41