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世界の都市建築シナリオにおける構造用木材とバイオ炭ベースコンクリートの炭素貯留と緩和ポテンシャル

Carbon storage and mitigation potential of structural wood and biochar-based concrete in global urban building scenarios (原題)

Alessio Mastrucci, Dominik Maierhofer, Xiaoyang Zhong, Nicolas Alaux, Felix Creutzig, Florian Maczek, Merle Quade, Martin Röck, Di Sheng, Matthew Gidden, Bas van Ruijven

Environmental Research Letters📚 査読済 / ジャーナル2026-08-27#炭素会計Origin: Global経営インパクト: コスト削減対象セクター: construction
DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ae9f73
原典: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ae9f73

🤖 gxceed AI 要約

日本語

本研究は、2020年から2100年までの世界の都市建築ストックを対象に、構造用木材とバイオ炭ベースコンクリートへの材料代替シナリオ（10%、30%、50%）による生物起源炭素貯留と正味の内包GHG排出を評価した。木材代替では累積で11.0〜24.8 GtCO2eqの炭素貯留と、現在の建設慣行と比較して正味排出を8〜40%削減できるが、バイオ炭コンクリートでは貯留量が限定的で削減効果は最大4%にとどまる。充足性と循環戦略を組み合わせることで、木材で最大64%、バイオ炭で41%の排出削減が可能となり、実現可能性の重要性が示された。

English

This study assesses biogenic carbon storage and net embodied GHG emissions in global urban building stocks from 2020 to 2100 under material substitution scenarios (10%, 30%, 50%) with structural wood and biochar-based concrete. Wood substitution yields cumulative net carbon storage of 11.0-24.8 GtCO2eq and reduces net embodied emissions by 8-40% compared to current practices, while biochar concrete achieves limited storage (7.9-14.5 GtCO2eq) and up to 4% emission reduction. Combining substitutions with sufficiency and circular strategies maximizes mitigation (up to 64% for wood, 41% for biochar), highlighting feasibility constraints.

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters

日本のGX文脈において

日本の建築分野では、2050年カーボンニュートラル達成に向けて、木造建築の推進や炭素貯留建材の導入が検討されている。本研究成果は、木材利用の効果を定量的に示し、日本の建築物省エネ基準や木材利用ポイントなどの政策に示唆を与える。また、バイオ炭コンクリートの限界を明らかにし、技術開発の方向性に貢献する。

In the global GX context

Globally, this research informs the role of bio-based materials in climate mitigation, aligning with the growing focus on embodied carbon in building life-cycle assessments and the need for circular economy strategies. It provides quantitative evidence for policymakers and industry to consider material substitution in urban development, complementing initiatives like the EU's Level(s) framework and the global push for net-zero buildings.

👥 読者別の含意

🔬研究者:Provides a comprehensive global assessment of bio-based material substitution potential, offering a framework for integrating biogenic carbon storage and circular strategies in building stock models.

🏢実務担当者:Offers quantitative insights for construction firms and material suppliers on the climate benefits and feasibility of using structural wood and biochar concrete, informing product development and procurement strategies.

🏛政策担当者:Highlights the significant mitigation potential of combining material substitution with sufficiency and circular policies, supporting the design of building codes and incentives for low-carbon construction.

📄 Abstract（原文）

Abstract Urbanization is accelerating globally, increasing material demand and associated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Bio-based construction materials can store biogenic carbon within buildings over long periods, yet their net climate change mitigation potential, interaction with circular strategies, and feasibility remain uncertain. Here, we assess biogenic carbon storage and net embodied GHG emissions in global urban building stocks between 2020 and 2100 under material substitution scenarios including structural wood and biochar-based concrete at substitution levels of 10%, 30% and 50%. We further explore the mitigation potential of combining these substitution scenarios with sufficiency and circular economy strategies that reduce floor space demand and material flows. We account for biogenic carbon inflows and outflows, embodied emissions, and feasibility considerations. We find that substituting conventional construction systems with structural wood results in cumulative net carbon storage of 11.0-24.8 GtCO2eq by 2100. These scenarios reduce cumulative net embodied GHG emissions by 20-100 GtCO2eq (-8% to -40%) compared to current construction practices, due to both lower embodied emissions and higher net carbon storage associated. In contrast, substituting with biochar-based concrete achieves more limited cumulative net carbon storage of 7.9-14.5 GtCO2eq and reduces cumulative net embodied emissions by up to 8 GtCO2eq (-4%), constrained by feasible substitution rates in cement needed to maintain structural performance. Combining material substitutions with sufficiency and circular strategies delivers the greatest mitigation potential, lowering cumulative net embodied emissions by up to 64% for wood and 41% for biochar by 2100. Achieving the full carbon storage potential without complementary sufficiency and circular strategies would require substantial expansion of biochar supply, while the feasibility of wood-based storage depends strongly on the level of material substitution. These findings clarify the potential, limits, and feasibility of bio-based carbon storage in urban buildings worldwide.

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