茶園システムにおける再生型農業：土壌劣化・養分管理・気候リスクと認証ベース実施の役割に関するレビュー（インドの事例より）
Regenerative Agriculture in Tea Systems: A Review of Soil Degradation, Nutrient Management, Climate Risk and the Role of Certification-Based Implementation, with Evidence from India (原題)
A. Bera, Rajesh Bhuyan
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
茶は多年生作物であり、気候変動・土壌酸性化・窒素過剰投入の影響を受けやすい。本レビューはインドの茶園における土壌炭素動態、窒素管理、GHG排出、再生型農業と任意認証制度の知見を整理する。REGENプログラムの報告値（SOC 1.06%、pH 4.73、合成窒素131.8 kg N/ha等）は独立検証や不確実性評価を欠き、効果の因果推定はできない。長期・独立評価の測定が今後の最優先課題とされる。
English
This review synthesizes evidence on climate constraints, soil acidification, nitrogen management and GHG emissions in Indian tea systems, and assesses regenerative agriculture and voluntary certification. Illustrative REGEN programme summaries report baseline SOC of 1.06%, pH 4.73, yield 1,828 kg/ha and synthetic N of 131.8 kg N/ha, with operator-reported relative changes (SOC >5%, N −15%, emission intensity ~−21%). These lack matched cohorts, uncertainty estimates and independent verification, so effects cannot be attributed; longitudinal independently assessed measurement is the priority.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
茶産業は日本でも主要な農業セクターであり、Scope 3上流（農産物調達）や食品・飲料企業のサプライチェーン排出開示に関わる。SSBJや有報でのバリューチェーン排出把握を進める日本企業にとって、農業段階の炭素・窒素収支の測定限界と認証制度の役割は実務的示唆を持つ。
In the global GX context
Agricultural supply-chain emissions are a material Scope 3 category under GHG Protocol, CSRD and ISSB-aligned disclosure. This review usefully flags the measurement gap: certification-based regenerative claims often rest on unverified operator data, which is precisely the assurance problem global disclosure frameworks are now confronting for land-sector and agricultural supply chains.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:Highlights the need for longitudinal, independently verified soil carbon and N-balance measurement in perennial cropping systems, and the boundary-dependence of tea GHG accounting.
🏢実務担当者:Food and beverage sustainability teams should treat certification-linked regenerative claims as unverified until matched-cohort and uncertainty data exist, and align agricultural Scope 3 boundaries carefully.
🏛政策担当者:Regulators designing agricultural carbon or certification schemes should note the absence of independent verification and standardised boundaries in voluntary programmes.
📄 Abstract（原文）
Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) is a long-lived perennial crop subject to climate variability, soil degradation and the environmental consequences of intensive nutrient use. This critical narrative review synthesises evidence on climatic constraints to tea production, soil acidification and carbon dynamics, nitrogen management and greenhouse-gas emissions, and the relevance of regenerative agriculture and voluntary sustainability standards to Indian tea systems. Published studies indicate that prolonged high nitrogen inputs can intensify soil acidification and nitrogen losses, although agronomically appropriate rates differ with site conditions, yield targets and tea type. Tea soils can be substantial sources of nitrous oxide, while the relative contributions of field activities and factory processing depend on the carbon-accounting boundary. Organic amendments, diversified vegetation management and more efficient fertilisation may improve particular soil indicators, but long-term replicated evidence for integrated regenerative packages in Indian tea remains limited. As an illustrative, non-experimental case, monitoring summaries from an Indian tea regenerative agriculture (REGEN) programme are considered. The programme reports a mean baseline soil organic carbon concentration of 1.06%, pH of 4.73, made-tea yield of 1,828 kg ha⁻¹ and synthetic nitrogen application of 131.8 kg N ha⁻¹. Its operator-reported early summaries indicate relative changes of more than 5% in soil organic carbon, 18% in culturable microbial counts, 3% in productivity, −15% in synthetic nitrogen and approximately −21% in field/source-point greenhouse-gas emission intensity. These figures lack documented matched-cohort denominators, uncertainty estimates and independent verification, and cannot establish effects attributable to the programme. The principal research priority is longitudinal, independently assessed measurement of soil carbon stocks, nitrogen balances, productivity and emissions under comparable field and factory boundaries.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- semanticscholar https://doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2026/v16i115758first seen 2026-11-04 05:45:40 · last seen 2026-11-06 05:42:56
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