EU炭素国境調整メカニズム（CBAM）か、CBAM以前の気候政策の組み合わせか？
EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) or a Combination of Pre-CBAM Climate Policies? (原題)
Kevin R. Kaushal, L. Lindholt, H. Yonezawa
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
EU-ETSにおける電力集約的・貿易財産業（PITE）向けの無償割当とCO2間接費補償が段階的に廃止され、CBAMへ移行する文脈で、両政策の厚生効果を理論と数値シミュレーションで比較した。CBAMは最適な無償割当・補償の組み合わせより域内厚生を大きく改善するが、その一部は交易条件効果による域外からの厚生移転であり、世界全体では両政策の厚生は概ね同等となる。
English
This paper compares welfare effects of the EU CBAM against the pre-CBAM anti-leakage mix of free allowances and CO2 indirect-cost compensation for power-intensive trade-exposed industries. Theory shows both can raise regional and global welfare under conditions; simulations find CBAM yields larger EU welfare gains than optimal pre-CBAM policies, but partly via terms-of-trade transfers from non-EU regions that cancel globally, leaving global welfare comparable.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
EUのCBAMは日本企業の輸出競争力・Scope3報告・SSBJ開示と直結する。炭素価格の国境調整が国内炭素価格政策やGX推進の設計に示唆を与える。
In the global GX context
Directly informs the global CBAM debate under EU ETS phase-out and its interaction with ISSB/CSRD disclosure of embedded emissions; clarifies that CBAM's welfare gains are largely redistributive, relevant to WTO-compatibility and trade-partner negotiations.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:CBAMと無償割当の厚生比較の理論枠組みと交易条件効果の分解を参考にできる。
🏢実務担当者:CBAM対象財の輸出国企業は、域内厚生改善が交易条件移転に依存する点を踏まえ価格転嫁と報告負担を検討すべき。
🏛政策担当者:CBAMの便益が国際的には再分配的性格を持つ点を理解し、炭素価格政策と国境調整の整合設計に活用できる。
📄 Abstract（原文）
Unilateral CO 2 emission reduction policies can induce carbon leakage. Under the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS), power-intensive and trade-exposed (PITE) industries have been granted free emission allowances, alongside optional CO 2 indirect-cost compensation adopted by selected member states, to mitigate this risk. These measures are being phased out as the EU introduces the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), which levies imports of PITE goods based on embedded carbon emissions. This paper examines the welfare effects of CBAM and the pre-CBAM anti-leakage policy mix. Theoretical analysis shows that both policies can improve regional and global welfare under certain conditions. Numerical simulations within an EU ETS context indicates that CBAM generates larger regional welfare gains than the optimal combination of free allowances and CO 2 compensation. However, these gains partly reflect terms-of-trade effects that transfer welfare from non-EU regions. Since such transfers cancel globally, CBAM and pre-CBAM policies generate comparable global welfare outcomes. JEL Classification: D61, Allocative Efficiency; Cost-Benefit Analysis; F18, Trade and Environment; H23, Taxation and Subsidies: Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies; Q54, Climate; Natural Disasters and Their Management; Global Warming
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- semanticscholar https://doi.org/10.1177/01956574261498623first seen 2026-11-07 05:42:39
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