Pm-Kusum and India's Sustainable Energy Transition: A Critical Review of Solarising Agriculture, Energy Security And Rural Sustainability
P. Kalpanadevi, Asha R Nair
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
インドのPM-KUSUM制度（2019年）を、持続可能なエネルギー転換・農業経済・水エネルギー nexusの観点から批判的にレビューした章。太陽光灌漑はディーゼル依存の低減や日中の電力供給改善、農家の副収入、分散型再エネ拡大に寄与しうる一方、揚水限界費用がゼロに近づくことで地下水の過剰汲み上げを招くリスクがあると指摘する。制度の成否は地下水条件・作付体系・料金構造・買取制度の設計に左右され、ポンプ設置を超えたエネルギー・水・農業の統合管理が必要だと論じる。
English
A critical review of India's PM-KUSUM scheme (2019) through sustainable energy transition, agricultural economics and water-energy nexus lenses. Solar irrigation can cut diesel dependence, improve daytime power and create farm income, but near-zero pumping costs risk excessive groundwater extraction. Outcomes hinge on groundwater conditions, tariffs and buyback design; success requires integrated energy-water-agriculture management beyond pump installation.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
日本では農地・農村部の再エネ導入や営農型太陽光の議論が進むが、本稿の水・エネルギー・食料ネクサスと補助金設計の視点は、地域再エネ政策や農業由来の排出削減を検討する日本の実務者に示唆を与える。
In the global GX context
Adds a Global South policy case to the energy-transition literature, showing how subsidy and tariff design shape whether distributed renewables deliver genuine decarbonization or rebound groundwater stress — relevant to just-transition and climate-finance debates beyond the OECD.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:水・エネルギー・食料ネクサスと再エネ補助金設計の相互作用を分析する枠組みとして参照できる。
🏢実務担当者:農業・農村部での再エネ導入や分散型電源事業を検討する際のインセンティブ設計の教訓となる。
🏛政策担当者:太陽光灌漑政策は買取制度と地下水ガバナンスを一体で設計すべきという政策的含意を持つ。
📄 Abstract（原文）
Abstract India’s transition towards sustainable energy is closely connected with the transformation of agricultural energy use. Irrigation has traditionally depended on subsidised electricity and diesel, enabling agricultural expansion but also contributing to rising public expenditure, fossil-fuel consumption and pressure on groundwater resources. The Pradhan Mantri Kisan Urja Suraksha evam Utthaan Mahabhiyaan (PM-KUSUM), introduced in 2019, represents a major national policy initiative that seeks to address these interconnected challenges through decentralised renewable-energy generation and solarisation of agricultural pumps. Unlike conventional renewable-energy programmes that primarily focus on electricity generation, PM-KUSUM places farmers at the centre of the energy transition by enabling them to use, generate and, under specified arrangements, sell renewable electricity. This chapter critically reviews the PM-KUSUM scheme through the perspectives of sustainable energy transition, agricultural economics and the water–energy nexus. The review synthesises relevant peer-reviewed literature, systematic review evidence and official policy documents to examine the scheme’s potential benefits, implementation challenges and sustainability implications. The analysis shows that solarisation can reduce dependence on diesel, improve daytime electricity availability, create opportunities for supplementary farm income and contribute to decentralised renewable-energy generation. However, solar irrigation is not automatically sustainable. Where the marginal cost of pumping approaches zero, inappropriate incentives can encourage excessive groundwater extraction. Evidence from India indicates that the outcomes of solar irrigation vary according to groundwater conditions, cropping patterns, tariff structures and the design of electricity buyback mechanisms. The chapter argues that the long-term success of PM-KUSUM depends on moving beyond pump installation towards integrated management of energy, water and agricultural resources. A conceptual framework is proposed in which policy design, financial accessibility, technological reliability, farmer participation, electricity-market incentives and groundwater governance jointly determine sustainable outcomes. The chapter concludes that PM-KUSUM has considerable potential to support India’s sustainable energy transition, provided future implementation is more inclusive, region-specific and closely aligned with groundwater conservation and efficient agricultural water use.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- openalex https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23309072first seen 2026-10-31 04:49:48 · last seen 2026-11-06 04:35:50
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