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都市環境における公共交通の温室効果ガス排出：定量化手法・技術・脱炭素化経路に関する体系的レビュー

Greenhouse-Gas Emissions from Public Transport in Urban Environments: A Systematic Review of Quantification Methods, Technologies, and Decarbonization Pathways (原題)

Vinicio Roblez-Torres, Xavier Merino-Vivanco, Mireya Lapo-Pauta

Urban Science📚 査読済 / ジャーナル2026-10-14#EV・輸送Origin: Global経営インパクト: コスト削減対象セクター: transport
DOI: 10.3390/urbansci10100585
原典: https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci10100585

🤖 gxceed AI 要約

日本語

公共交通のGHG排出に関する世界の定量研究93件をPRISMA 2020に沿って体系的にレビューした。LCAが最多の研究設計で、バスが中心、電動化経路が45件で検討された。比較可能な56件中55件で公共交通の排出が低いと報告されたが、機能単位・システム境界・エネルギー供給・稼働率により結果は大きく異なり、プール解析は不可能だった。公共交通は本質的に低炭素ではなく、文脈依存の交通・エネルギーシステムの一部として評価すべきと結論づける。

English

A PRISMA 2020 systematic review of 93 reports (92 studies) on GHG emissions from public passenger transport worldwide. LCA was the dominant design, buses dominated the evidence, and electric pathways featured in 45 studies. Of 56 reports with a clear comparator, 55 found lower emissions for public transport, but heterogeneity in functional units, boundaries, and energy supply precluded pooling. Decarbonization is conditional on energy supply, utilization, and infrastructure—public transport is not inherently low-carbon.

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters

日本のGX文脈において

日本では運輸部門の脱炭素がGX実行計画や自治体のゼロカーボンシティ構想の柱であり、本レビューは電動バス導入やLCA境界設定の実務判断に資する。ただし日本事例は含まれず、国内データ整備の必要性を示唆する。

In the global GX context

Transport decarbonization is a core pillar of global net-zero pathways and increasingly features in ISSB/CSRD Scope 3 and transition-plan disclosures. This review's emphasis on context-dependent, boundary-sensitive accounting offers a caution against treating modal shift or electrification as automatically low-carbon in corporate and city climate reporting.

👥 読者別の含意

🔬研究者:公共交通GHGの定量化手法・境界設定の差異を整理した貴重なマッピングで、比較可能性の限界を明確化する。

🏢実務担当者:電動バス等の導入効果を主張する際、エネルギー供給・稼働率・LCA境界を明示すべきという実務的示唆を与える。

🏛政策担当者:公共交通の脱炭素評価を一律の低炭素前提でなく、地域の電力構成やインフラ条件に応じて設計する必要性を示す。

📄 Abstract（原文）

Public transport is central to urban decarbonization, yet its greenhouse-gas (GHG) performance varies with transport mode, propulsion technology, energy source, passenger utilization, route and terrain conditions, operating context, and accounting boundary. This systematic review synthesized worldwide quantitative evidence on GHG emissions attributable to public passenger transport. Scopus, Web of Science, and Transportation Research International Documentation (TRID) were searched through 9 September 2026. Primary quantitative studies reporting public-transport-specific GHG, CO2, CO2e, or carbon-footprint outcomes were eligible. Of 1616 records identified, 93 reports representing 92 underlying studies were included following PRISMA 2020 screening. Life-cycle assessment was the most common study design (42 studies), followed by direct measurement (33) and modeling/simulation (13). Buses dominated the evidence base (81 studies), and battery-electric or electricity-based pathways were examined in 45 studies. Sixty-nine reports provided a defensible principal quantitative value. Among 56 reports with an explicit comparator direction, 55 reported lower emissions for the evaluated public-transport option. Results were not pooled because functional units, system boundaries, technologies, energy pathways, and operating contexts differed substantially. Methodological confidence was high for 21 studies and moderate for 71. Overall, decarbonization performance was conditional on energy supply, utilization, infrastructure, and life-cycle assumptions, indicating that public-transport technologies should be evaluated as components of context-dependent transport-energy systems rather than as inherently low-carbon solutions. This review was not prospectively registered.

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