農業生態系における炭素管理：肥料と作物管理の役割
Managing Carbon in Agroecosystems: The Roles of Fertilizers and Crop Management (原題)
Vyacheslav M. Semenov, Dmitry A. Nikitin, Mikhail V. Semenov
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
農業のGHG削減と食料生産維持の両立を、肥料・作物管理の観点から整理したレビュー。窒素肥料は作物生産の炭素足跡で最大の割合を占めるが、光合成や根の成長、土壌への炭素供給にも不可欠であり、単純な窒素投入制限ではなく低排出型肥料製造や利用効率改善、有機物循環が有効だと論じる。鉱物肥料の土壌有機炭素増加は限定的で、有機資材の方が効果は大きいが、貯留容量や可逆性、測定不確実性から気候緩和への寄与は限られると結論づける。
English
This review examines fertilizer and crop management strategies to cut agricultural emissions and restore soil carbon. Mineral nitrogen fertilizer dominates crop carbon footprints, yet adequate nitrogen is essential for yields and plant-derived carbon inputs, so the authors argue for optimizing rather than restricting nitrogen use—via lower-emission fertilizer production, improved nutrient-use efficiency, and organic amendment recycling. Soil sequestration gains from mineral fertilizers are modest, and finite storage capacity, reversibility, and measurement uncertainty sharply limit its climate-mitigation role; restoring soil fertility and resilience is the more realistic goal.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
Scope 3のカテゴリ1（購入した肥料）や農業サプライチェーンの排出算定に関わる論点を提供する。食品・農業関連企業のSSBJ対応や一次産業の脱炭素戦略を検討する際の基礎資料になりうる。
In the global GX context
Relevant to Scope 3 Category 1 accounting for fertilizer inputs and to agriculture/food-sector transition planning under CSRD and ISSB. It cautions against treating soil carbon sequestration as an offset-like mitigation lever, which matters for credible climate-target setting.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:土壌炭素貯留の緩和ポテンシャルと限界を、肥料・養分循環の観点から評価する枠組みを提供する。
🏢実務担当者:肥料調達に伴うScope 3排出と土壌炭素の関係を理解し、農業サプライチェーンの脱炭素目標設定に活用できる。
🏛政策担当者:土壌炭素を気候緩和策として過大評価せず、土壌肥沃度・食料安全保障との複合目的で政策設計すべき点を示唆する。
📄 Abstract（原文）
Agriculture faces the dual challenge of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions while maintaining food production under increasing climatic stress. This review examines fertilizer and crop management strategies to reducing production-related emissions and restoring carbon stocks in agroecosystems. It links fertilizer-related emissions, plant carbon inputs, and nutrient cycling to assess soil carbon sequestration in relation to both climate mitigation and soil fertility. Mineral nitrogen fertilizers often account for the largest share of the carbon footprint of crop production, but an adequate nitrogen supply is also required for photosynthesis, net primary production, root growth, crop yield, and plant-derived carbon inputs to soil. Carbon management should therefore optimize fertilizer production and use rather than simply restrict nitrogen inputs. Relevant measures include lower-emission fertilizer manufacture, improved nutrient-use efficiency, mineral–organic fertilization, manure and residue recycling, increased use of legumes and cover crops, and regulation of carbon–nitrogen interactions during organic-matter decomposition. Mineral fertilizers generally produce modest increases in soil organic carbon (SOC), whereas organic amendments produce larger gains. However, finite carbon-storage capacity, declining sequestration rates, reversibility, limited biomass and nutrient resources, and measurement uncertainty substantially restrict the contribution of soil sequestration to global climate-change mitigation. The most realistic objective of agroecosystem recarbonization is therefore to restore soil fertility, support stable food production, and increase resilience to climatic extremes.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- openalex https://doi.org/10.3390/agrochemicals5040051first seen 2026-11-06 04:58:46
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