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中国のカーボンニュートラル漁業に向けた海洋牧場：炭素吸収源の証拠、政策手段、移行経路

Marine ranching for carbon-neutral fisheries in China: Carbon sink evidence, policy instruments, and transition pathways (原題)

Xiang Liu, Zhiyong Zhou, Jianwei Huang, Hailun Xu

Asian Journal of Water Environment and Pollution📚 査読済 / ジャーナル2026-10-29#炭素会計Origin: CN対象セクター: agriculture
DOI: 10.36922/ajwep026310209
原典: https://doi.org/10.36922/ajwep026310209

🤖 gxceed AI 要約

日本語

本レビューは、海洋牧場炭素吸収源（MRCS）を、ベースラインや炭素運命、ライフサイクル排出、不確実性を考慮した上での追加的で検証可能な正味の気候便益と定義する。中国の生物学的吸収推定値は大きいが、種の範囲や炭素係数、溶存・粒子状炭素の扱い、生産排出の控除により大きく変動する。政策は実証区から計測基準、自主市場ルールへ進展したが、牧場全体をカバーする一般に受け入れられた方法は未だない。信頼できるMRCS主張には、炭素運命の証拠、ライフサイクルインベントリ、長期観測、保守的な不確実性処理、透明な便益配分が必要である。

English

This review defines marine-ranching carbon sink (MRCS) as an additional, verifiable net climate benefit after accounting for baseline, carbon fate, life-cycle emissions, and uncertainty. Chinese estimates show substantial biological uptake by shellfish and macroalgae but vary widely with species coverage, carbon coefficients, treatment of dissolved/particulate carbon, and deduction of production emissions. Policy has advanced from demonstration zones to measurement standards and voluntary-market rules, yet no generally accepted method covers an entire ranching system. Credible MRCS claims require carbon-fate evidence, life-cycle inventories, long-term observation, conservative uncertainty treatment, and transparent benefit allocation.

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters

日本のGX文脈において

中国の海洋牧場炭素吸収源の議論は、日本のブルーカーボン生態系（藻場・干潟）のJ-クレジット制度やSSBJの自然資本開示を検討する上で、方法論的課題（追加性、炭素運命、ライフサイクル排出）の共通性が高く、日本の漁業・水産政策関係者にとって参考になる。

In the global GX context

This review contributes to global blue-carbon accounting debates by highlighting the methodological gaps in MRCS verification, which are relevant to ISSB/CSRD nature-related disclosures and voluntary carbon market integrity. It offers a China-specific perspective on integrating fisheries into carbon-neutrality pathways, complementing international work on blue-carbon standards.

👥 読者別の含意

🔬研究者:MRCSの定義と検証要件を整理し、ブルーカーボン会計の研究課題を明確化する。

🏢実務担当者:海洋牧場プロジェクトの炭素クレジット主張に必要な証拠と不確実性処理の枠組みを提供する。

🏛政策担当者:漁業のカーボンニュートラル政策と自主市場ルールの設計に際し、方法論の透明性と追加性の確保が重要であることを示す。

📄 Abstract（原文）

Marine-ranching carbon sink (MRCS) is defined as an additional, verifiable net climate benefit attributable to a bounded ranching intervention after considering baseline conditions, carbon fate, life-cycle emissions, and uncertainty. Marine ranching is increasingly discussed in China as a means to align fisheries with the national carbon-neutrality agenda. However, terms such as additional biomass, harvested carbon, long-lived storage, avoided emissions, and offset credits refer to different outcomes. This review examines when a marine ranch can deliver a defensible net climate benefit. It combines research on fishery emissions and sequestration, Chinese policy and technical standards, empirical pilot practices, and international work on blue-carbon accounting. The evidence is analyzed through 4 key dimensions: carbon pool alterations, ultimate carbon destination, emissions within the project boundary, and the additionality and verifiability of the claimed change. Chinese estimates demonstrate substantial biological uptake by shellfish and macroalgae, but they vary widely with species coverage, carbon coefficients, treatment of dissolved and particulate carbon, ecological carrying capacity, and deduction of production emissions. Although policy has advanced from demonstration zones to measurement standards and voluntary-market rules, no generally accepted method yet covers an entire ranching system. Therefore, this review interprets marine ranching as a managed area in which restoration, low-input mariculture, operational decarbonization, and monitoring can be combined and tested against a baseline. Credible MRCS claims require carbon-fate evidence, life-cycle inventories, long-term observation, conservative uncertainty treatment, and transparent allocation of benefits.

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