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タイ鉄鋼業における水素基盤直接還元鉄の脱炭素ポテンシャル

Decarbonization potential of hydrogen-based direct reduction of iron ore in Thai steel industry (原題)

Menahil Sadiq, Ahsan Farooq, Shabbir H. Gheewala

International Journal of Renewable Energy Development📚 査読済 / ジャーナル2026-10-20#エネルギー転換経営インパクト: コスト削減対象セクター: manufacturing
DOI: 10.61435/ijred.2026.63027
原典: https://doi.org/10.61435/ijred.2026.63027
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🤖 gxceed AI 要約

日本語

タイのスクラップ依存EAF鉄鋼業を対象に、H₂-DRI-EAFの環境競争力と脱炭素可能性をクレードル・トゥ・ゲートLCAで評価した。ベースラインのスクラップEAFが最も環境負荷が低く、水素経路ではブルー水素が551.51 kg CO₂-eq/tで最大の気候便益を示した。現状ではグリーン水素は上流負荷のためベースラインを上回らず、スクラップ最適化と水素DRI段階導入の二重経路戦略を提言する。

English

A cradle-to-gate LCA compares scrap-based EAF with four H₂-DRI-EAF scenarios (grey, blue, green hydrogen) for Thailand's steel sector. Scrap-based EAF remains the lowest-impact baseline; blue hydrogen delivers the largest climate benefit (551.51 kg CO₂-eq/t), while green hydrogen underperforms today due to upstream burdens. The authors recommend a dual pathway combining optimized scrap-EAF with gradual H₂-DRI deployment, with blue and green hydrogen cutting GHG 58.7% and 37.6% versus natural gas DRI-EAF.

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters

日本のGX文脈において

日本の鉄鋼業も水素還元製鉄（COURSE50等）を国家脱炭素戦略の柱とするため、スクラップ制約や電力炭素強度が水素経路の優位性を左右するという本知見は、日本企業の技術選択・投資判断に示唆を与える。

In the global GX context

Hard-to-abate steel decarbonization is central to ISSB/transition-finance debates; this study adds rare Global-South empirical evidence that hydrogen pathway benefits hinge on grid carbon intensity and scrap availability, informing transition plan credibility assessments.

👥 読者別の含意

🔬研究者:水素DRIのLCAで上流負荷とスクラップ制約が脱炭素優位性を反転させる条件を定量化した点が参考になる。

🏢実務担当者:水素還元製鉄への投資判断では、自社の電力炭素強度とスクラップ調達力が便益を左右する点を押さえるべき。

🏛政策担当者:鉄鋼脱炭素政策は水素導入だけでなく、スクラップ品質管理と電力系統の脱炭素化を併せて設計する必要がある。

📄 Abstract（原文）

Steel decarbonization is a global priority due to its high energy use and emissions. In Thailand, this challenge is shaped by reliance on scrap-based EAF systems, where emissions depend on carbon-intensive electricity and limited scrap availability and quality. This study evaluates the environmental competitiveness and decarbonization potential of hydrogen-based direct reduced iron (H₂-DRI) integrated with electric arc furnace (EAF) steelmaking under Thailand-specific conditions. A cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment was conducted to compare 100% scrap-based EAF with four H₂-DRI-EAF scenarios (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% DRI) using grey, blue, and green hydrogen. The ReCiPe 2016 method was applied to evaluate global warming and endpoint impacts on human health, ecosystem quality, and resource scarcity. Results showed that the baseline scrap-based EAF has the lowest environmental burden. Among hydrogen pathways, blue hydrogen achieves the greatest climate benefits, reaching 551.51 kg CO₂-eq/t, while grey hydrogen exhibits the highest impacts across all categories. Green hydrogen does not outperform the baseline under current conditions due to upstream burdens. Furthermore, endpoint contribution analysis revealed the overall emissions profile, highlighting trade-offs between climate change and other midpoint impact categories. Results suggest that Thailand should pursue a dual-pathway steel decarbonization strategy that combines optimized scrap-based EAF production with the gradual deployment of hydrogen-based DRI-EAF to address future constraints in scrap availability and quality. Compared with conventional natural gas-based DRI-EAF, blue and green hydrogen pathways achieved greenhouse gas reductions of 58.7% and 37.6%, respectively, highlighting their potential to support Thailand’s long-term climate and industrial development objectives.

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