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Assessing Low-Carbon Steel Pathways in Europe: A Spatially and Temporally Explicit TEA-LCA Framework

欧州における低炭素鉄鋼経路の評価：空間的・時間的に明示的なTEA-LCAフレームワーク (AI 翻訳)

Kern J, Gondrf C, Abdelshafy A, Walther G

Research Squareプレプリント2026-07-30#エネルギー転換Origin: EU経営インパクト: コスト削減対象セクター: steel
DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-10458735/v1
原典: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10458735/v1

🤖 gxceed AI 要約

日本語

欧州の鉄鋼脱炭素化に向け、従来法（BF-BOF）と低炭素法（CCS付き、NG/H2-DRI-EAF）をTEA-LCAで統合評価。2025年から2050年までの時空間分解能で全生産拠点を分析し、現状ではBF-BOFが最安、H2-DRI-EAF+バイオ炭が最低排出。水素コスト低下で2050年に競争力が向上するが、地域差が大きく単一の優位経路は存在しない。

English

This study evaluates European steel decarbonization pathways using a spatially and temporally explicit TEA-LCA framework. It compares conventional BF-BOF, BF-BOF-CCS, and DRI-EAF routes (NG or H2) with optional biochar across all EU production sites from 2025 to 2050. BF-BOF is cheapest today (~875 €/t CS), while H2-DRI-EAF with biochar achieves lowest emissions (~0.60 t CO2/t CS). Falling hydrogen costs improve H2-DRI-EAF competitiveness by 2050, but regional variations prevent a single dominant pathway.

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters

日本のGX文脈において

日本の鉄鋼業界はGX基本方針で水素還元やCCUSを推進しており、本フレームワークは国内の技術選択や立地戦略に示唆を与える。特に、地域ごとの再生可能エネルギー・バイオマス・CCSの利用可能性を考慮した評価は、日本の製鉄所の脱炭素計画に応用可能。

In the global GX context

This framework provides a rigorous, spatially explicit method for comparing steel decarbonization options, relevant to global policy discussions on CBAM and transition finance. It highlights that no single technology dominates, emphasizing the need for region-specific strategies and infrastructure planning. The approach can inform ISSB-aligned climate disclosures and transition plan assessments for steel companies.

👥 読者別の含意

🔬研究者:Provides a comprehensive TEA-LCA framework for steel decarbonization, useful for comparative assessments and scenario analysis.

🏢実務担当者:Offers insights into cost and emission trade-offs for steel production routes, aiding investment decisions and sustainability reporting.

🏛政策担当者:Highlights regional heterogeneity in low-carbon steel pathways, informing targeted policy support and infrastructure investments.

📄 Abstract（原文）

<title>Abstract</title> <p>Decarbonizing the European steel industry requires production pathways that differ substantially in environmental and economic performance. Here we present a spatially and temporally explicit framework combining techno-economic assessment (TEA) and life-cycle assessment (LCA) for conventional and low-carbon steelmaking routes: blast furnace-basic oxygen furnace (BF-BOF), BF-BOF with carbon capture and storage (BF-BOF-CCS), and direct reduced iron-electric arc furnace routes using natural gas (NG-DRI-EAF) or hydrogen (H2-DRI-EAF), each with optional biochar integration. Spatially resolved data on electricity, hydrogen, biochar, and CCS availability are applied at 0.1° × 0.1° resolution across all current European primary steel production sites, for the present day (2025) and prospective scenarios for 2030, 2040, and 2050. Conventional BF-BOF remains the cheapest pathway today, at approximately 875 €/t crude steel (CS), while H2-DRI-EAF with biochar achieves the lowest greenhouse gas emissions, at approximately 0.60 t CO2/t CS. BF-BOF-CCS with biochar is the next-lowest-emission option and remains cost-competitive in many regions. Falling hydrogen costs substantially improve the competitiveness of H2-DRI-EAF by 2050, though regional differences in renewable energy and biomass availability mean no single low-carbon steelmaking pathway dominates across Europe.</p>

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