グリーンイノベーションと環境政策の厳格性：OECD諸国における持続可能なエネルギー転換の異質な drivers

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🔬研究者:グリーンイノベーションと政策厳格性の効果が分位点で異なることを示す実証枠組みとして参照価値がある。

🏢実務担当者:規制強化が再エネ・省エネ投資の安定的な追い風となる一方、技術支援策の効果は自社の技術成熟度に依存する点を投資判断に反映できる。

🏛政策担当者:イノベーション支援と規制の厳格化を組み合わせ、各国の技術吸収能力に応じて政策を調整する必要性を示唆する。

Achieving Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG-7) requires not only technological progress but also effective environmental regulation. Although previous studies have examined green innovation and environmental policy separately, less is known about how these two drivers are jointly associated with different dimensions and stages of sustainable energy transition. This study investigates the heterogeneous relationships of green innovation, proxied by public support for R&D in low-carbon energy technologies, and environmental policy stringency (EPS) with sustainable energy transition, across 27 OECD countries during 2002–2020. Sustainable energy transition is captured through three dimensions of SDG-7: electricity access, renewable energy deployment, and energy efficiency. The empirical strategy combines conventional panel estimators, GMM robustness estimates, and panel quantile regression, allowing both average relationships and heterogeneity across the conditional distributions of the SDG-7 outcomes to be examined. The results show that electricity access is already near-universal across the OECD sample, whereas substantial cross-country differences remain in renewable energy deployment and energy intensity. Baseline estimates indicate that the green innovation proxy is positively associated with renewable energy use and energy intensity, whereas higher EPS is associated with greater renewable energy use and lower energy intensity. The quantile estimates reveal substantial heterogeneity in the green innovation–renewable energy relationship: the association is negative at the lower quantile, statistically insignificant at the median, and positive at the upper quantile. In contrast, EPS exhibits comparatively stable favourable relationships with renewable energy use and energy efficiency across the analysed quantiles. Overall, the findings indicate that green innovation and environmental policy stringency are associated with sustainable energy transition through distinct patterns. While the relationship between policy-supported low-carbon technological development and energy-transition outcomes is more context- and distribution-dependent, environmental policy stringency provides a comparatively stable correlate of renewable energy deployment and energy efficiency. These results highlight the importance of combining credible environmental regulation with innovation policies adapted to countries’ technological readiness, absorptive capacity, infrastructure, and existing energy-system conditions.

• openalex https://doi.org/10.3390/su182211448first seen 2026-11-12 05:18:43 · last seen 2026-11-13 05:24:09