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交通部門における炭素排出規制：政策手段、コンプライアンス機構、脱炭素化経路

REGULATING CARBON EMISSIONS IN THE TRANSPORT SECTOR: POLICY INSTRUMENTS, COMPLIANCE MECHANISMS, AND DECARBONISATION PATHWAYS (原題)

Mr. Shankha Pati, Mr. Abhishek Benjwal, Dr K Supriya, Dr. Deepthy Mol M., Ashutosh Kumar Verma, Dr. Luis Cesar Caceres Linares

Genetics and Molecular Research📚 査読済 / ジャーナル2026-09-06#政策Origin: Global経営インパクト: 調達リスク対象セクター: transport
DOI: 10.4238/hbmf6f68
原典: https://doi.org/10.4238/hbmf6f68
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🤖 gxceed AI 要約

日本語

本レビューは、道路・航空・海運・貨物・都市交通を対象に、炭素価格、排出量取引、車両・燃料基準、EVインセンティブ、低炭素燃料基準などの政策手段と、MRV・ライフサイクル炭素会計・執行措置の有効性を評価する。電動化は低炭素電力と充電インフラが前提で道路部門に有効だが、航空・海運・一部貨物は効率改善・持続可能燃料・水素等の組み合わせが必要と結論づける。政策効果は制度能力・エネルギーシステム・インフラ・市場成熟度により国ごとに異なり、調整・柔軟性・執行可能性を備えた枠組みが深い脱炭素化に不可欠とする。

English

This review examines policy instruments, compliance mechanisms, and decarbonisation pathways across road, aviation, maritime, freight, and urban transport. It assesses carbon pricing, emissions trading, vehicle and fuel standards, EV incentives, and low-carbon fuel standards, alongside MRV, lifecycle carbon accounting, and enforcement. Electrification works for road transport given low-carbon power and charging infrastructure, while aviation, shipping, and some freight need efficiency, sustainable fuels, and hydrogen. Policy effectiveness varies by institutional capacity, energy systems, infrastructure, affordability, and market readiness.

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters

日本のGX文脈において

日本では運輸部門の脱炭素化がGX推進法・地球温暖化対策計画の重点領域であり、SSBJ基準や有報でのScope 3・輸送排出開示、EV・水素・合成燃料への投資判断に直結する。本レビューは政策手段とMRVの国際比較を提供し、国内制度設計や企業の移行計画策定の参照枠となる。

In the global GX context

Globally, transport decarbonisation sits at the centre of ISSB/CSRD disclosure and transition finance, with MRV and lifecycle accounting determining credibility of emission reductions. This review synthesises policy instruments and compliance mechanisms across modes, offering a comparative reference for jurisdictions designing enforceable, technology-aligned frameworks.

👥 読者別の含意

🔬研究者:交通部門の政策手段とMRV・ライフサイクル会計の効果を横断的に整理した比較研究の枠組みを提供する。

🏢実務担当者:輸送・物流企業のScope 3排出管理、EV・低炭素燃料への移行計画、コンプライアンス体制構築に活用できる。

🏛政策担当者:炭素価格・排出量取引・車両燃料基準・MRV制度の国際比較から、執行可能で柔軟な政策設計の示唆を得られる。

📄 Abstract（原文）

The transport sector continues to rely on fossil fuels, and faces increasing demand for passengers and freight, coupled with a reliance on long-lived infrastructure and is still a significant contributor to global carbon emissions. This review looks at the policy instruments, compliance mechanisms and decarbonisation pathways in play for the transition to lower carbon transport in the road transport sector, in aviation, maritime shipping, freight transport and urban transport. It takes into account regulatory and economic policy actions such as carbon pricing, emissions trading, vehicle and fuel standards, incentives for electric vehicles, low carbon fuel standards and infrastructure support. The review also assesses the effectiveness of the monitoring, reporting, verification, lifecycle carbon accounting and enforcement measures in ensuring the credibility, comparability and measurability of emission reductions. There is evidence that electrification is an attractive option for road transport, and that it can be good for passenger vehicles, provided that it can be powered by low carbon electricity and charging infrastructure is in place. More challenging sectors such as aviation, shipping and some freight are more likely to need a mix of efficiency measures, sustainable fuels, hydrogen fuels and other fuels. Effectiveness of policy is different from country to country due to the institutional capacity, energy system, infrastructure, affordability and market readiness. Policy frameworks that are coordinated, flexible and enforceable will be crucial to support deep decarbonisation, ensuring that policy frameworks are aligned with technological change, clean energy and infrastructure investment and transparency of compliance systems.

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