CO2輸送容器の減圧に関する実験とモデリング：フラッシュ沸騰、伝熱、ノズルを通る臨界流
Experiments and modelling of CO2 vessel depressurization: Flash boiling, heat transfer and critical flow through nozzles (原題)
Høydalsvik, Eirik Jaccheri, Austegard, Anders, Deng, Han, Blakseth, Sindre Stenen, Hafner, Armin, Munkejord, Svend Tollak
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
CCSにおける加圧CO2輸送容器の減圧挙動を調べるため、チョーク圧力と質量流束を同時計測できる新型実験設備を構築した。120bar・15/25℃、ライザー管の有無、ノズル径8.0/6.5/4.5mmの9実験を実施し、ライザーなしでドライアイス生成と液相接触壁での高伝熱を観測した。臨界流・フラッシュ沸騰・壁-流体伝熱を組み込んだモデルはドライアイス質量を2%以内で予測し、ライザーなしの質量流束偏差は3.9%だった。ライザーありでは小ノズルほど非平衡の影響で偏差が拡大し、安全設計・運用に資するデータと検証済みモデルを提供する。
English
A new densely instrumented facility measures choke pressure and mass flux simultaneously during CO2 vessel depressurization, alongside wall and fluid temperatures. Nine experiments (120 bar; 15/25°C; with/without riser; nozzle diameters 8.0/6.5/4.5 mm) reveal significant dry-ice formation without a riser and high heat transfer at liquid-wetted walls. A model coupling critical nozzle flow, flash boiling, and wall-to-fluid heat transfer predicts dry-ice mass within 2% and mass flux within 3.9% (no riser); deviations grow to 24% for the smallest nozzle with a riser due to non-equilibrium. The validated model supports safe design and operation of CO2 transport systems for CCS.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
日本ではCCSはGX推進の重要技術であり、特に北海道・九州等での実証が進む。本論文はCO2輸送容器の減圧安全設計に関する実験データと検証済みモデルを提供し、国内CCSプロジェクトのリスク評価や規制整備に貢献しうる。
In the global GX context
As CCS scales under net-zero targets, safe CO2 transport becomes critical. This study provides rare simultaneous measurements of choke pressure and mass flux during depressurization, validating a model that predicts dry-ice formation and heat transfer. It directly informs design standards and operational safety for CO2 shipping and pipeline networks, supporting global CCS deployment and related disclosure of physical climate risks.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:Provides a unique experimental dataset for validating multiphase CO2 depressurization models, highlighting non-equilibrium effects in small nozzles.
🏢実務担当者:Helps engineers design safer CO2 transport vessels and depressurization systems, reducing risks of dry-ice clogging and cold embrittlement.
🏛政策担当者:Informs safety regulations and standards for CO2 transport infrastructure, essential for scaling CCS.
📄 Abstract（原文）
Transport of CO 2 in pressurized vessels has become increasingly important in carbon capture and storage systems. Several operational scenarios require depressurization of these vessels, which poses safety concerns: dry ice can clog pipes and valves, and low temperatures can cause steel embrittlement. This work presents a new, densely instrumented experimental facility for studying CO 2 vessel depressurization. To our knowledge, it is the first to measure the choke pressure and mass flux simultaneously, together with vessel and wall temperatures, for detailed model validation. Nine experiments are reported, with nominal initial conditions of 120 bar and temperatures of 15 and 25 °C, with and without a riser tube that draws liquid instead of gas, and with outlet nozzle diameters of 8.0, 6.5 and 4.5 mm. Significant dry-ice formation was observed in the experiments without a riser. We also observed high heat transfer in the part of the vessel wall wetted by liquid CO 2 . A model accounting for critical flow through the nozzle, flash boiling inside the vessel and wall-to-fluid heat transfer is presented and compared with the data. Good agreement was obtained: the mass of dry ice was predicted to within 2 %, and without a riser tube the predicted mass flux deviated by 3.9 %. With a riser tube, the deviation grew from 9 % for the largest nozzle to 24 % for the smallest, which we attribute to a larger degree of non-equilibrium in small nozzles. Together, the data and the validated model support the safe design and operation of CO 2 -transport systems.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- Zenodo https://zenodo.org/records/22868619first seen 2026-09-22 04:13:19
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