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インドネシアの石炭火力脱炭素化のためのバイオマスベースCFBボイラー改修のライフサイクル温室効果ガス影響

Life-Cycle Greenhouse Gas Implications of Biomass-Based CFB Boiler Retrofit for Coal Power Decarbonization in Indonesia (原題)

Prakarsa TD, Tobing S, Febijanto I, Purwanta W, Nugroho A, Maskur Z, Nadirah N, Herdioso R, Sarjono S

Research Squareプレプリント2026-09-04#エネルギー転換経営インパクト: コスト削減対象セクター: power
DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-10124621/v1
原典: https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10124621/v1

🤖 gxceed AI 要約

日本語

本研究は、インドネシアのパイトン石炭火力発電所ユニット1を対象に、微粉炭ボイラーをバイオマス燃料対応の循環流動層（CFB）ボイラーに改修した場合のライフサイクル温室効果ガス（LC-GHG）排出量を評価した。カリアンドラ材ペレットやチップ、パーム殻、空果房ペレットを用いたシナリオを、カーボンニュートラル（CN）と非CNの仮定で比較した。その結果、カリアンドラ材利用シナリオでは、劣化した土地のエネルギー植林への転換による炭素ストック増加によりLC-GHGが負の値となり、CFB改修が途上国の石炭火力の移行的脱炭素化策となり得ることが示された。ただし、気候便益は土地利用条件やバイオマス特性、サプライチェーン仮定に強く依存する。

English

This study evaluates the life-cycle GHG emissions of retrofitting Indonesia's Paiton coal-fired power plant unit with a biomass-based CFB boiler. Scenarios using Calliandra wood pellets/chips, palm kernel shells, and empty fruit bunch pellets were compared under carbon-neutral and non-carbon-neutral assumptions. Results show that Calliandra-based scenarios yield negative LC-GHG due to carbon stock increases from converting degraded land to energy plantations, suggesting CFB retrofit can be a transitional decarbonization option for coal power in developing countries, though benefits depend heavily on land use and supply chain assumptions.

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters

日本のGX文脈において

日本では、アジア向け石炭火力輸出やJCM等の文脈で、バイオマス混焼・改修技術のライフサイクル評価が重要。本研究成果は、途上国でのバイオマス利用の実効性評価に示唆を与え、日本の技術協力やカーボンクレジット制度設計に参考となる。

In the global GX context

This study contributes to global discourse on coal power transition in developing countries, particularly under the Just Energy Transition Partnership (JETP) and similar frameworks. It provides empirical evidence on the life-cycle climate benefits of biomass co-firing/retrofit, highlighting the importance of land-use change and supply chain assumptions in assessing transition options.

👥 読者別の含意

🔬研究者:Provides a detailed LCA framework for evaluating biomass retrofit options in coal power plants, emphasizing land-use change and carbon stock dynamics.

🏢実務担当者:Offers insights for power utilities and biomass suppliers on the climate performance of different biomass feedstocks and the importance of sustainable sourcing.

🏛政策担当者:Informs policy on coal phase-down strategies and biomass energy incentives in developing countries, stressing the need for robust sustainability criteria.

📄 Abstract（原文）

<title>Abstract</title> <p>This study evaluated the life cycle greenhouse gas implications of the Paiton Coal-Fired Power Plant (CFPP) Unit 1 retrofit option by replacing the pulverized coal boiler with a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) boiler designed to utilize biomass fuel. The evaluation was conducted on five scenarios with a functional unit of 1 kWh of electricity: coal combustion in the existing PC boiler, the use of Calliandra wood pellets (CWP) in the modified PC boiler, and the use of Calliandra wood chips (CWC), palm kernel shells (PKS), and empty fruit bunch pellets (EFBP) in the CFB boiler. Biomass combustion was evaluated under both carbon-neutral (CN) and non-carbon-neutral (NCN) assumptions. The results showed that the Life-cycle Greenhouse Gas (LC GHG) emissions of the coal scenario were 1.143 kgCO₂e/kWh. Based on the CN assumption, the LC GHG emissions for CWP, CWC, PKS, and EFBP were -4.261, -8.957, 0.405, and 0.297 kgCO₂e/kWh, respectively. Based on the NCN assumption, the values ​​for each scenario were -3.001, -7.772, 1.621, and 1.371 kgCO₂e/kWh, respectively. The negative LC GHG values ​​in the Calliandra-based scenario were mainly influenced by the increase in carbon stocks due to the conversion of degraded land to energy plantation forests. Sensitivity analysis showed that changes in carbon stocks and biomass moisture content are important parameters that affect the LC GHG results. These findings suggested that CFB boiler retrofit with appropriate biomass supply chain selection can be a transitional decarbonization option for CFPP in developing countries, although the climate benefits are highly dependent on land use conditions, biomass characteristics, and supply chain assumptions.</p>

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