Green and Sustainable Energy: Emerging Technologies, Global Trends, and Future Directions — A Comprehensive Review (2020–2025)
グリーンで持続可能なエネルギー：新興技術、世界動向、および将来の方向性 — 包括的レビュー（2020-2025） (AI 翻訳)
Hadia Arshad
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
本レビューは2020〜2025年の文献をもとに、太陽光、風力、グリーン水素、蓄電池、CCUSなどのグリーンエネルギー技術の現状と進展を包括的に評価。特に太陽光と風力のLCOEが過去10年で85%以上低下したこと、ペロブスカイト太陽電池の効率が26%超、リチウムイオン電池コストが約115ドル/kWh（2024年）に達したことを報告。AI・機械学習のエネルギー予測・グリッド管理への統合が進む一方、送電網安定性やレアアース制約、エネルギー貧困など課題も指摘する。
English
This review synthesizes literature from 2020-2025 on green energy technologies including solar, wind, green hydrogen, energy storage, and CCUS. Key findings: LCOE for solar PV and onshore wind has dropped >85% in a decade; perovskite solar cells exceed 26% efficiency; Li-ion battery costs ~$115/kWh (2024). AI/ML integration into energy forecasting and grid management is growing. Challenges remain: grid stability, rare earth constraints, and energy poverty.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
本レビューが対象とする各技術は、日本のGX政策において重点分野（洋上風力、グリーン水素、蓄電池、CCUSなど）と合致し、実用化に向けた参考となる。特にコスト低下データは、企業の投資判断や政府の補助金設計に示唆を与える。
In the global GX context
This global review provides a comprehensive benchmark for energy transition technologies relevant to TCFD/ISSB scenario analysis and transition finance. The cost trends and technology outlook inform corporate decarbonization strategy and policy frameworks internationally.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:Provides a broad, up-to-date overview of green energy technologies and their cost trajectories, useful for contextualizing specialized research.
🏢実務担当者:Highlights key technology cost declines and deployment trends that can inform corporate renewable procurement and investment decisions.
🏛政策担当者:Offers a holistic view of technology maturity and challenges, supporting integrated policy design for the energy transition.
📄 Abstract（原文）
The global energy landscape is undergoing an unprecedented transformation driven by the urgent need to decarbonize economies, achieve climate targets set under the Paris Agreement, and fulfill Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG 7) on affordable and clean energy. This comprehensive review synthesizes peer-reviewed literature, intergovernmental reports, and policy documents published primarily between 2020 and 2025 to evaluate the current state, emerging innovations, and future directions of green and sustainable energy technologies. The review covers: solar photovoltaics (PV) and concentrated solar power (CSP), wind energy (onshore and offshore), green hydrogen production and storage, advanced energy storage systems, smart grid infrastructure, bioenergy, geothermal and ocean energy, and carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS). Key findings indicate that the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) for solar PV and onshore wind has fallen by more than 85% over the past decade, making renewables the cheapest source of new electricity generation in most markets. Perovskite solar cells have achieved certified efficiencies exceeding 26%. Green hydrogen is emerging as a critical energy carrier for hard-to-abate sectors. Lithium-ion battery costs have declined to approximately USD 115/kWh in 2024. AI and machine learning are increasingly integrated into energy forecasting and grid management. Despite these advances, significant challenges remain: grid stability, rare earth material constraints, and persistent energy poverty in developing nations. This review highlights the necessity of integrated policy frameworks, international cooperation, and technology transfer to accelerate the sustainable energy transition.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- openalex https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.21008372first seen 2026-07-19 04:42:02 · last seen 2026-07-19 04:45:39
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