炭素回収、バイオマス生産、持続可能なバイオリファイナリー開発を通じた気候変動緩和における藻類の役割

Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.

🔬研究者:Provides a comprehensive overview of algal CCU and biorefinery systems, highlighting research gaps in energy-efficient harvesting and AI integration.

🏢実務担当者:Useful for companies exploring algae-based carbon utilization or biofuel production, offering insights into environmental and economic trade-offs.

🏛政策担当者:Informs policy on supporting integrated biorefineries and CCU as part of climate mitigation strategies.

The increasing atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases, particularly carbon dioxide (CO₂), has intensified the need for effective, scalable, and environmentally sustainable climate mitigation strategies. Algae, particularly microalgae and cyanobacteria, have attracted considerable attention because of their photosynthetic capacity, rapid growth, high biomass productivity, and ability to utilize CO₂ as a carbon source. Unlike conventional terrestrial bioenergy crops, algae can potentially be cultivated on non-arable land and integrated with industrial carbon dioxide sources, wastewater streams, and nutrient-recovery systems. This makes algal cultivation a promising component of carbon capture and utilization (CCU) and circular bioeconomy strategies. During photosynthesis, algal cells convert inorganic carbon into organic biomass while releasing oxygen, thereby providing a biological pathway for carbon capture. The resulting biomass contains proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, pigments, polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamins, and other bioactive compounds that can be converted into biofuels, biochemicals, food and feed ingredients, fertilizers, bioplastics, and other value-added products. Consequently, the integration of carbon capture with algal biorefineries offers an opportunity to generate economic value while reducing resource wastage. However, the climate benefits of algae cannot be assumed solely from high photosynthetic productivity. Energy-intensive harvesting and dewatering, nutrient requirements, water consumption, contamination, cultivation stability, infrastructure costs, and downstream processing can substantially influence the overall environmental performance. Recent research therefore emphasizes integrated biorefineries, wastewater-based cultivation, flue-gas utilization, strain improvement, advanced photobioreactors, artificial intelligence-assisted process control, low-energy harvesting, and cascade valorization of biomass. This review examines the biological basis of algal carbon capture, cultivation systems, biomass production, carbon utilization pathways, biorefinery development, major products, environmental and economic considerations, current challenges, and future opportunities. A systems-based approach integrating carbon capture, wastewater treatment, renewable energy, and multi-product biorefineries is proposed as a promising pathway for maximizing the climate-mitigation potential of algae.

• semanticscholar https://doi.org/10.51470/zr.2026.5.1.41first seen 2026-08-20 05:12:37 · last seen 2026-09-22 05:04:13