Characterization of Community-Scale Smokeless Biochar Production from Corncobs for Potential Soil Amendment and Climate-Smart Agriculture
トウモロコシ穂軸からのコミュニティ規模スモークレスバイオ炭製造の特性評価：土壌改良と気候スマート農業への可能性 (AI 翻訳)
Wiphada Thepjunthra, Jutithep Vongphet, Songsak Puttrawutichai, Punyavee Dechkrong, Sasiwimol Khawkomol
🤖 gxceed AI 要約
日本語
東南アジアの農業残渣の野焼きは大気汚染と温室効果ガス排出の原因である。本研究は、トウモロコシ穂軸を用いたコミュニティ規模のスモークレス竪型炭化炉によるバイオ炭製造を評価した。415–435℃で150–180分の炭化により、バイオ炭収率23.3–28.3%を得て、高炭素含有量（71–71.5%）とIBIクラス1基準を満たす安定性を示した。理論炭素隔離能は乾燥原料1トンあたり0.69–0.74 tCO2-eqと推定され、低コストで地域に根ざした気候変動緩和と土壌改良への道筋を示す。
English
Open burning of agricultural residues in Southeast Asia causes air pollution and GHG emissions. This study evaluated a community-scale smokeless vertical kiln for biochar production from corncobs. Carbonization at 415-435°C for 150-180 min yielded 23.3-28.3% biochar with high carbon content (71-71.5%) and stability meeting IBI Class 1. Theoretical carbon sequestration was 0.69-0.74 tCO2-eq per tonne dry feedstock, offering a low-cost, community-accessible pathway for climate mitigation and soil amendment.
Unofficial AI-generated summary based on the public title and abstract. Not an official translation.
📝 gxceed 編集解説 — Why this matters
日本のGX文脈において
日本では、バイオ炭の炭素貯留効果をJ-クレジット制度で認証する動きがあり、本研究成果は農業残渣の有効活用と炭素隔離の地域実装に示唆を与える。ただし、日本国内の原料事情や制度との整合性は別途検討が必要。
In the global GX context
This study provides empirical data on biochar carbon sequestration potential from agricultural residues, relevant to global climate-smart agriculture and carbon removal accounting. It supports the development of community-scale biochar systems that can contribute to climate mitigation and soil health, aligning with international efforts to quantify biochar's carbon credit potential.
👥 読者別の含意
🔬研究者:Provides physicochemical characterization and carbon sequestration estimates for corncob biochar, useful for biochar research and carbon accounting.
🏢実務担当者:Offers a low-cost, community-scale biochar production method that can be adopted for agricultural waste management and potential carbon credit generation.
🏛政策担当者:Highlights the potential of community-scale biochar systems for climate mitigation and air quality improvement, informing policies on agricultural residue management and carbon credits.
📄 Abstract（原文）
Open burning of agricultural residues remains a significant source of air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions in Southeast Asia. This study evaluated a community-scale smokeless vertical charcoal kiln for biochar production from corncob residues under practical operating conditions. Carbonization at 415–435 °C for 150–180 min produced biochar yields of 23.3–28.3%, with the 150 min treatment giving the highest yield. The biochar exhibited high carbon content (71–71.5%), low volatile matter (15.7–16.7%), fixed carbon content of 51–54%, and moderately alkaline pH (8.97–9.08). Atomic H/C and O/C ratios (approximately 0.55 and 0.27) indicated moderate aromaticity and stability consistent with IBI Class 1 criteria, while SEM revealed a macropore-dominated porous structure. Theoretical carbon sequestration potential was estimated at 0.69–0.74 tCO2-eq per tonne of dry feedstock. These findings demonstrate the technical feasibility of community-scale smokeless biochar production and provide physicochemical characterization of the resulting biochar, suggesting potential relevance for carbon storage and soil amendment; however, agronomic performance and emissions require direct evaluation, and results are specific to corncob feedstock. Overall, this work contributes to sustainable agricultural waste management by demonstrating a low-cost, community-accessible pathway that simultaneously supports climate change mitigation, air quality improvement, and socio-economic accessibility for smallholder farming systems in Southeast Asia.
🔗 Provenance — このレコードを発見したソース
- openalex https://doi.org/10.3390/su18147177first seen 2026-08-03 04:46:33
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