アンモニア燃料の影響を考慮したエンジン潤滑油のトライボロジー特性と試験方法

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🔬研究者:アンモニア環境下での潤滑油劣化メカニズムとオンライン試験の優位性に関する実証的知見を提供する。

🏢実務担当者:アンモニア燃料船導入を検討する海運・エンジン企業が潤滑油選定と保守戦略に活用できる。

🏛政策担当者:ゼロカーボン海運の技術的実現可能性を示し、IMO規制や燃料転換支援策の設計に参考となる。

To advance the strategic goals of "carbon peak" and "carbon neutrality", and to meet the InternationalMaritime Organization’s requirements for low-carbon shipping, the development of low-carbon and zero-carbon enginesis urgently needed. Because ammonia is a hydrogen-rich, zero-carbon fuel that produces only nitrogen and water uponcomplete combustion, ammonia engines have attracted widespread attention. However, due to ammonia's distinctphysicochemical properties compared to traditional diesel, gasoline, and heavy oil engines, traditional lubricationstrategies are insufficient to meet the high reliability and long service life requirements of ammonia engines. Therefore,the lubrication technology adaptation for ammonia-fueled engines urgently needs to be addressed. Given the lack ofestablished lubrication oil testing methods and the unclear mechanisms for ammonia fuel engines, a comprehensive,independent testing platform has been developed to integrate and analyze the tribological characteristics of ammoniaengine lubricants. This platform systematically conducts reliability comparison studies between online and offline testingmethods. Furthermore, a thorough investigation has been carried out into the evolution of the physicochemical propertiesand tribological characteristics of the lubricating oil in ammonia-laden environments. The findings revealed that the specific escape characteristics of ammonia gas made it challenging for offline testingmethods to accurately assess the anti-wear properties of the lubricants under real operational conditions. In contrast, theonline testing method offered a more precise reflection of the tribological characteristics of ammonia engine lubricants,especially in terms of wear resistance. While ammonia gas did not significantly affect density, viscosity, or infraredspectral properties of the lubricating oil, it did cause noticeable changes in key properties such as the acid value, basevalue, and moisture content. Additionally, ammonia exposure disrupted the growth strategy of the calcium-based frictionfilm on the surface of the friction pair, which led to a significant increase in wear on the piston ring-cylinder sleevefriction surfaces. Under ammonia exposure conditions, the growth and dissipation of the friction film on the friction pair surface wereinfluenced by both temperature and load. An increase in temperature helped to counteract the inhibitive effects ofammonia gas, thereby facilitating the deposition of additives on the friction pair surface to form a protective film. Whilehigher loads tended to accelerate surface damage, excessively high loads could induce the formation of localizedprotective friction films on the friction pair surface, which could ultimately help reduce wear. These insights offeredvaluable guidance for optimizing the lubrication and wear resistance properties of ammonia engine lubricants, and theyheld significant potential for enhancing the performance and longevity of zero-carbon ammonia fuel engines in maritimeapplications.

• scidb https://doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.015izfirst seen 2026-10-16 06:26:58 · last seen 2026-11-06 06:09:01